[Table/Fig-7]:
Prevalence of patient delay (PD) and health system delay by different independent variables and their 95% CI
| Patient delay | Health system delay | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | n | (%) | 95%CI | n | (%) | 95%CI |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 126 | 53.85 | 47.41-60.28 | 61 | 26.07 | 20.40-31.73 |
| Female | 73 | 52.14 | 43.76-60.52 | 39 | 27.85 | 20.34-35.38 |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 15–29 | 76 | 51.01 | 42.89-59.13 | 50 | 33.56 | 25.89-41.22 |
| 30–44 | 44 | 51.76 | 40.92-62.61 | 21 | 24.71 | 15.35-34.06 |
| ≥ 45 | 79 | 56.43 | 48.11-64.74 | 29 | 20.71 | 13.92-27.51 |
| Residence | ||||||
| Urban | 117 | 46.99 | 41.59-53.23 | 72 | 28.92 | 23.24-34.59 |
| Rural | 82 | 65.6 | 57.16-74.04 | 28 | 22.4 | 14.99-29.81 |
| Education | ||||||
| Illiterate/read & write | 77 | 62.60 | 53.93-71.27 | 27 | 21.95 | 14.53-29.37 |
| Primary | 40 | 57.97 | 46.03-69.92 | 13 | 18.84 | 09.38-28.30 |
| Secondary | 45 | 42.06 | 32.56-51.56 | 35 | 32.71 | 23.68-41.74 |
| University | 37 | 49.33 | 37.75-60.91 | 25 | 33.33 | 22.41-44.25 |
| Occupation | ||||||
| Agriculture | 61 | 65.59 | 55.75-75.43 | 17 | 18.28 | 10.28-26.28 |
| Housewife | 20 | 47.62 | 31.87-63.37 | 07 | 16.67 | 04.91-28.42 |
| Service | 22 | 44.00 | 29.75-58.25 | 10 | 20.00 | 08.51-31.48 |
| Business | 28 | 48.28 | 35.02-61.53 | 17 | 29.31 | 17.24-41.38 |
| Unemployed | 52 | 52.00 | 42.04-61.96 | 45 | 45.00 | 35.08-54.92 |
| Labour | 16 | 51.61 | 32.98-70.25 | 04 | 12.90 | 0.04-25.40 |
| Income (per month in NRs)(n=316) | ||||||
| < 5000 | 24 | 68.57 | 52.39-84.75 | 7 | 20.0 | 06.06-33.94 |
| 5000-7500 | 14 | 58.33 | 37.07-79.59 | 05 | 20.83 | 03.32-38.35 |
| ≥ 7500 | 130 | 50.58 | 44.43-56.74 | 70 | 27.24 | 21.76-32.72 |
| Smoking | ||||||
| Never | 111 | 50.0 | 43.37-56.63 | 62 | 27.92 | 21.98-33.88 |
| Currently /used to smoke but stop currently | 88 | 57.89 | 49.96-65.83 | 38 | 25.0 | 18.04-31.96 |
| Number of cigarettes in a day (n=152) | ||||||
| < 5 | 26 | 70.27 | 54.82-85.72 | 8 | 21.62 | 07.71-35.54 |
| ≥ 5 | 62 | 53.91 | 44.66-63.16 | 30 | 26.09 | 17.94-34.23 |
| Symptoms present before diagnosis | ||||||
| Cough | 135 | 51.92 | 45.81-58.04 | 72 | 27.69 | 22.22-33.17 |
| Fever | 32 | 57.14 | 43.77-70.52 | 12 | 21.43 | 10.34-32.52 |
| Loss of weight | 09 | 52.94 | 26.49-79.39 | 5 | 29.41 | 05.26-53.56 |
| Haemoptysis | 10 | 50.00 | 25.99-74.01 | 4 | 20.00 | 0.08-39.21 |
| Chest pain | 13 | 61.90 | 39.25-84.56 | 7 | 33.33 | 11.35-55.21 |
| Basic knowledge on TB | ||||||
| No | 148 | 53.24 | 47.34-59.14 | 64 | 23.02 | 18.04-28.00 |
| Yes | 51 | 53.13 | 42.96-63.29 | 36 | 37.50 | 27.64-47.36 |
| Attitude | ||||||
| Bad | 114 | 51.12 | 44.51-57.73 | 63 | 28.25 | 22.29-34.21 |
| Good | 85 | 56.29 | 48.29-64.29 | 37 | 24.50 | 17.56-31.44 |
| Stigma | ||||||
| Absent | 98 | 50.26 | 43.18-57.34 | 55 | 28.21 | 21.83-34.58 |
| Present | 101 | 56.42 | 49.09-63.76 | 45 | 25.14 | 18.72-31.56 |
| Distance to reach the TB center (n=371) | ||||||
| < 5 KM | 141 | 48.45 | 42.68-54.23 | 80 | 27.49 | 22.33-32.65 |
| ≥ 5 KM | 57 | 71.25 | 61.11-81.39 | 20 | 25.00 | 15.30-34.69 |
| Means of transport | ||||||
| Traveling | 105 | 62.87 | 55.47-70.28 | 44 | 26.35 | 19.59-33.09 |
| Walking | 94 | 45.41 | 38.57-52.25 | 56 | 27.05 | 20.95-33.16 |
| Centre of first contact | ||||||
| Traditional healer/ self-treated | 13 | 72.22 | 49.30-95.14 | 9 | 50.00 | 24.41-75.59 |
| Private practitioners | 79 | 49.69 | 41.83-57.54 | 38 | 23.90 | 17.19-30.60 |
| Government health facilities | 107 | 54.31 | 47.29-61.33 | 53 | 26.90 | 20.66-33.15 |
| Categories of HCP for TB diagnosis | ||||||
| Paramedics | 35 | 40.23 | 29.72-50.74 | 24 | 27.59 | 18.01-37.17 |
| Medical officer | 112 | 53.59 | 46.77-60.40 | 55 | 26.32 | 20.29-32.34 |
| Specialist | 52 | 66.67 | 55.97-77.36 | 21 | 26.92 | 16.86-36.99 |
| Method of TB diagnosis | ||||||
| Sputum examination | 80 | 49.69 | 41.88-57.49 | 48 | 29.81 | 22.67-36.96 |
| X-ray | 55 | 52.38 | 42.67-62.09 | 29 | 27.62 | 18.92-36.31 |
| Advanced technique | 64 | 59.26 | 49.84-68.68 | 23 | 21.29 | 13.45-29.14 |