Table 3.
Comparison of the use of specific antimicrobial classes and agents measured in defined daily doses per 1000 patient days in the pre- and post-intervention periods. P-values meeting the pre-specified Bonferroni corrected significance threshold are bolded.
| Unit | Class or Agent | Pre-intervention mean (SD) | Post-intervention mean (SD) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNICU | ||||
| antibacterials | 1409 (203) | 1001 (232) | 0.0001 | |
| antibacterials with antipseudomonal activity | 349 (89) | 195 (62) | <0.0001 | |
| antifungals | 24(24) | 36 (25) | 0.33 | |
| penicillin | 15 (21) | 19 (24) | 0.63 | |
| ampicillin | 86 (67) | 52 (39) | 0.24 | |
| cloxacillin | 337(127) | 235(128) | 0.068 | |
| piperacillin-tazobactam | 72 (15) | 71 (30) | 0.71 | |
| cefazolin | 189 (55) | 138 (43) | 0.028 | |
| ceftriaxone | 78 (35) | 67 (41) | 0.29 | |
| ceftazidime | 52 (40) | 34 (21) | 0.41 | |
| ertapenem | 4 (7) | 3 (7) | 0.47 | |
| meropenem | 11 (18) | 22 (32) | 0.23 | |
| imipenem | 9 (10) | 16 (14) | 0.20 | |
| fluoroquinolones | 210 (81) | 43 (32) | <0.0001 | |
| TMP-SMX | 76 (73) | 83 (57) | 0.67 | |
| azithromycin | 12 (13) | 21 (16) | 0.20 | |
| vancomycin | 203 (110) | 134 (52) | 0.068 | |
| aminoglycosides | 4 (8) | 8 (10) | 0.18 | |
| MSICU | ||||
| antibacterials | 1547 (274) | 1715 (263) | 0.16 | |
| antibacterials with antipseudomonal activity | 445 (136) | 588 (196) | 0.028 | |
| antifungals | 177 (195) | 202 (124) | 0.14 | |
| penicillin | 55 (48) | 44 (68) | 0.29 | |
| ampicillin | 81 (58) | 94 (89) | 0.98 | |
| cloxacillin | 166 (119) | 136(66) | 0.93 | |
| piperacillin-tazobactam | 197 (53) | 200 (34) | 0.98 | |
| cefazolin | 68 (29) | 83 (30) | 0.35 | |
| ceftriaxone | 97 (27) | 113 (40) | 0.48 | |
| ceftazidime | 28 (21) | 32 (29) | 0.98 | |
| ertapenem | 19 (24) | 15 (15) | 0.77 | |
| meropenem | 28 (48) | 55 (51) | 0.033 | |
| imipenem | 49 (35) | 47 (28) | 0.84 | |
| fluoroquinolones | 138 (49) | 180 (60) | 0.078 | |
| TMP-SMX | 118 (93) | 85 (41) | 0.63 | |
| azithromycin | 101 (42) | 132 (53) | 0.11 | |
| vancomycin | 153 (38) | 175 (43) | 0.18 | |
| aminoglycosides | 29 (34) | 55 (43) | 0.088 |
All p-values calculated using Wilcoxon rank sum test. SD, standard deviation; TNICU, trauma and neurosurgery intensive care unit; MSICU, medical surgical intensive care unit; TMP-SMX, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.