Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of study participants

Continuous variables	BPH (n = 128)			Controls (n = 141)			P
	Mean	SD	Range	Mean	SD	Range
Age (years)	65.76	6.47	52–77	63.66	5.64	50–74	0.081
Weight (kg)	81.37	11.36	61.5–115	81.78	10.20	54–108	0.684
Height (m)	1.73	0.07	1.53–1.98	1.74	0.05	1.58–1.88	0.117
Body mass index (kg/m2)	27.05	3.27	18.7–34.7	26.78	2.90	20.0–34.7	0.724
Waist (m)	0.98	0.08	0.79–1.20	0.99	0.086	0.75–1.18	0.492
LAP	56.24	35.90	11.4–296.7	51.98	38.66	7.3–234.9	0.350
Cholesterol (mmol/l)	5.68	1.55	2.16–10.76	5.00	1.57	2.17–9.13	0.001
HDL (mmol/l)	0.92	0.27	0.54–1.94	1.32	0.35	0.50–2.45	0.001
LDL (mmol/l)	3.67	1.49	0.58–8.84	3.35	1.50	0.47–10.49	0.019
Triglycerides (mmol/l)	1.64	0.75	0.66–5.44	1.49	0.84	0.43–4.53	0.132
Glucose (mmol/l)	5.85	0.97	4.27–10.21	6.02	1.20	2.93–10.70	0.489
Insulin (pmol/l)	104.10	43.62	2.64–454.92	81.06	37.32	13.98–185.70	0.041
HOMA-IR	5.00	5.85	0.1–26.28	3.64	1.91	0.10–8.85	0.028
Total testosterone (nmol/l)	14.35	6.45	0.35–29.26	13.83	5.96	0.35–34.08	0.205
Free testosterone (pmol/l)	382.93	250.77	3.09–1272.47	373.92	199.84	36.75–1094.19	0.746
Estradiol (pmol/l)	106.06	75.59	21.92–421.80	146.91	83.96	36.16–441.25	0.001
DHEA-S (μmol/l)	3.34	1.98	0.33–9.34	3.94	2.44	0.03–12.51	0.026
SHBG (nmol/l)	38.17	18.83	2.58–98.0	48.32	25.62	4.93–128.0	0.001
LH (mIU/ml)	10.74	7.16	0.70–67.98	8.04	4.04	1.08–33.09	0.001

Categorical variables	BPH (n = 128)			Controls (n = 141)			P
	n	%		n	%
Waist > 94 cm	89	69		104	74		0.489
BMI > 25.0 kg/m2	103	73		91	70		0.717
Blood glucose > 5.55 mmol/la	77	60		93	66		0.376
HDL < 1.03 mmol/la	46	36		56	40		0.332
Triglycerides > 1.71 mmol/la	74	58		58	41		0.013
Blood pressure > 130/85 mm Hga	76	59		81	57		0.844
Metabolic syndrome	74	58		58	41		0.007

^aor specific treatment for previously diagnosed condition