Fig 5. The protective effect of L-citrulline on HBS-induced myotube wasting is iNOS-dependent and mTORC1-independent.

Representative images (20× objective) (A) and myotube diameter (B) after 5 h incubation in HEPES buffered saline (HBS). Cells were pre-treated with vehicle (PBS), rapamycin (RM), L-NAME or aminoguanidine (AG). 30 min later, cells were co-treated with vehicle (PBS), 2.5 mM L-arginine or 2.5 mM L-citrulline (n = 5–8 per group). Values are means ± SE. Comparisons were made using a one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. ** denotes a significant difference from vehicle at the P<0.01 level.