Table 1.
Baseline characteristics stratified by BMI
| 1. BMI < 18.5
|
2. BMI 18.5–24.99
|
3. BMI 25.0–29.99
|
4. BMI 30.0–34.99
|
5. BMI ≥ 35.0
|
P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 188 | n = 2328 | n = 2737 | n = 1479 | n = 992 | ||
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 68.3 (16.5) | 66.3 (17.3) | 65.1 (15.3) | 63.4 (13.5) | 60.2 (13.2) | <.001 |
| Female, n (%) | 131 (69.7) | 987 (42.4) | 832 (30.4) | 475 (32.1) | 440 (44.4) | <.001 |
| Race, n (%) | ||||||
| Asian | 18 (9.6) | 78 (3.4) | 36 (1.3) | 5 (0.3) | 3 (0.3) | <.001 |
| Black/African | 8 (4.3) | 111 (4.8) | 136 (5.0) | 79 (5.3) | 69 (7.0) | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 3 (1.6) | 45 (1.9) | 58 (2.1) | 37 (2.5) | 26 (2.6) | |
| Other | 5 (2.7) | 65 (2.8) | 57 (2.1) | 40 (2.7) | 19 (1.9) | |
| Unknown/unspecified | 27 (14.4) | 445 (19.1) | 556 (20.3) | 318 (21.5) | 185 (18.6) | |
| White | 127 (67.6) | 1584 (68.0) | 1894 (69.2) | 1000 (67.6) | 690 (69.6) | |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||||
| Congestive heart failure | 45 (23.9) | 360 (15.5) | 409 (14.9) | 199 (13.5) | 209 (21.1) | <.001 |
| Cardiac arrhythmias | 27 (14.4) | 429 (18.4) | 517 (18.9) | 221 (14.9) | 190 (19.2) | .007 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 48 (25.5) | 376 (16.1) | 333 (12.2) | 219 (14.8) | 191 (19.3) | <.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 28 (14.9) | 275 (11.8) | 315 (11.5) | 143 (9.7) | 106 (10.7) | .12 |
| Hypertension | 38 (20.2) | 638 (27.4) | 904 (33.0) | 500 (33.8) | 366 (36.9) | <.001 |
| Diabetes | 20 (10.6) | 439 (18.9) | 666 (24.3) | 502 (33.9) | 408 (41.1) | <.001 |
| Renal failure | 13 (6.9) | 104 (4.5) | 121 (4.4) | 45 (3.0) | 38 (3.8) | .053 |
| ICU type, n (%) | ||||||
| Cardiac | 22 (11.7) | 371 (15.9) | 475 (17.4) | 244 (16.5) | 154 (15.5) | <.001 |
| Cardiothoracic | 61 (32.4) | 1091 (46.9) | 1448 (52.9) | 809 (54.7) | 461 (46.5) | |
| Medical | 60 (31.9) | 374 (16.1) | 353 (12.9) | 185 (12.5) | 188 (19.0) | |
| Surgical | 45 (23.9) | 492 (21.1) | 461 (16.8) | 241 (16.3) | 189 (19.1) | |
| Admission values, mean (SD) | ||||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 120.2 (28.0) | 120.9 (24.9) | 120.6 (23.7) | 119.9 (24.3) | 120.3 (25.1) | .77 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 60.5 (16.4) | 60.9 (14.3) | 61.7 (14.9) | 61.6 (14.2) | 61.7 (15.1) | .29 |
| Heart rate, beats per minute | 89.9 (20.1) | 87.1 (17.4) | 85.1 (16.7) | 85.4 (16.3) | 87.7 (16.8) | <.001 |
| Temperature, °F | 97.1 (5.1) | 96.9 (5.5) | 96.9 (5.6) | 97.0 (5.5) | 97.2 (6.3) | .75 |
| Oxygen saturation, % | 97.9 (5.6) | 98.0 (4.8) | 98.1 (5.0) | 98.0 (4.0) | 97.3 (6.6) | .001 |
| Admit SAPS, points | 16.0 (5.5) | 15.8 (5.4) | 15.2 (5.1) | 15.0 (5.2) | 14.8 (4.9) | <.001 |
| ICU values, mean (SD) | ||||||
| ICU length of stay (d) | 5.7 (7.6) | 4.8 (7.9) | 4.5 (8.3) | 4.5 (8.1) | 5.5 (7.8) | .004 |
| Urine output/first 24 h (L) | 2.1 (1.5) | 2.7 (1.9) | 2.8 (1.8) | 2.7 (1.5) | 2.5 (1.4) | <.001 |
| Daily urine output (L) | 1.9 (1.1) | 2.4 (1.3) | 2.5 (1.2) | 2.5 (1.1) | 2.4 (1.1) | <.001 |
| Peak fluid balance (L) | 3.5 (5.7) | 4.3 (6.3) | 4.5 (6.6) | 4.5 (6.8) | 4.4 (6.6) | .30 |
| Discharge fluid balance (L) | 4.1 (6.3) | 3.0 (6.0) | 2.7 (5.6) | 2.7 (5.8) | 3.2 (7.3) | .003 |