Table 1. Characteristics of the Study Population by Age Category.
| All (n = 200) | ≤84 years (n = 50) | 85–89 years (n = 49) | 90–94 years (n = 60) | ≥95 years (n = 41) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
| Male | 45 (22.5) | 17 (34.0) | 14 (28.6) | 9 (15.0) | 5 (12.2) |
| Female | 155 (77.5) | 33 (66.0) | 35 (71.4) | 51 (85.0) | 36 (87.8) |
| Longest job, n (%) | |||||
| White-collar worker | 48 (24.0) | 15 (30.0) | 12 (24.5) | 14 (23.3) | 7 (17.1) |
| Blue-collar worker | 108 (54.0) | 22 (44.0) | 30 (61.2) | 30 (50.0) | 26 (63.4) |
| The others including the unemployed | 44 (22.0) | 13 (26.0) | 7 (14.3) | 16 (26.7) | 8 (19.5) |
| Smoking history, n (%) | |||||
| Never smoker | 161 (80.5) | 38 (76.0) | 35 (71.4) | 51 (85.0) | 37 (90.2) |
| Ever or current smoker | 39 (19.5) | 12 (24.0) | 14 (28.6) | 9 (15.0) | 4 (9.8) |
| Drinking history, n (%) | |||||
| Never drinker | 176 (88.0) | 41 (82.0) | 39 (79.6) | 59 (98.3) | 37 (90.2) |
| Ever or current drinker | 24 (12.0) | 9 (18.0) | 10 (20.4) | 1 (1.7) | 4 (9.8) |
| Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 82 (41.0) | 22 (44.0) | 25 (51.0) | 21 (35.0) | 14 (34.1) |
| No | 118 (59.0) | 28 (56.0) | 24 (49.0) | 39 (65.0) | 27 (65.9) |
| Charlson comorbidity index, n (%) | |||||
| 0 | 15 (7.5) | 5 (10.0) | 2 (4.1) | 4 (6.7) | 4 (9.8) |
| 1 | 44 (22.0) | 7 (14.0) | 12 (24.5) | 17 (28.3) | 8 (19.5) |
| ≥2 | 141 (70.5) | 38 (76.0) | 35 (71.4) | 39 (65.0) | 29 (70.7) |
| Barthel Index, n (%) | |||||
| ≤60 | 168 (84.0) | 42 (84.0) | 39 (79.6) | 50 (83.3) | 37 (90.2) |
| >60 | 32 (16.0) | 8 (16.0) | 10 (20.4) | 10 (16.7) | 4 (9.8) |
| Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form, n (%) | |||||
| Malnutrition | 33 (16.5) | 8 (16.0) | 7 (14.3) | 12 (20.0) | 6 (14.6) |
| At risk of malnutrition | 139 (69.5) | 32 (64.0) | 36 (73.5) | 41 (68.3) | 30 (73.2) |
| Well nourished | 28 (14.0) | 10 (20.0) | 6 (12.2) | 7 (11.7) | 5 (12.2) |
| Number of natural teeth, n (%) | |||||
| 0 teeth | 109 (54.5) | 26 (52.0) | 22 (44.9) | 35 (58.3) | 26 (63.4) |
| 1–9 teeth | 50 (25.0) | 11 (22.0) | 14 (28.6) | 16 (26.7) | 9 (22.0) |
| 10–19 teeth | 21 (10.5) | 5 (10.0) | 6 (12.2) | 6 (10.0) | 4 (9.8) |
| ≥20 teeth | 20 (10.0) | 8 (16.0) | 7 (14.3) | 3 (5.0) | 2 (4.9) |
| Denture use, n (%) | |||||
| Yes | 146 (73.0) | 33 (66.0) | 37 (75.5) | 41 (68.3) | 35 (85.4) |
| No | 54 (27.0) | 17 (34.0) | 12 (24.5) | 19 (31.7) | 6 (14.6) |
| Total number of functional tooth units, mean ± SD | 9.3 ± 4.6 | 8.7 ± 5.2 | 10.0 ± 4.0 | 8.6 ± 5.0 | 10.2 ± 3.9 |
| Mini-Mental State Examination score, mean ± SD | 11.0 ± 8.6 | 10.8 ± 9.3 | 12.4 ± 8.5 | 10.6 ± 8.9 | 10.3 ± 7.4 |
SD = standard deviation.