Figure 5.

Flow-induced vascular remodeling is associated with the accumulation of inflammatory cells. The accumulation of leukocytes and macrophages was assessed by CD45 and CD68 immunohistochemistry (hematoxylin and eosin counterstaining), respectively. In the ligated mice without fasudil treatment, leukocyte accumulation was apparent in all the layers, while fewer leukocytes accumulated within the ligated mice that were treated with fasudil. (A) Positive cells are represented by black arrows (magnification, ×40; scale bar, 20 µm). (B) Ligation of fasudil-treated mice demonstrated reduced macrophage accumulation in the vessel walls (magnification, 40×; scale bar, 20 µm). (C) Positive cells per area. (D) Positive cells per total cells. (E) Positive cells per area. (F) Positive cells per total cells. Values are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean, n=8 (number of vessels). ^***P<0.001. CD, cluster of differentiation.