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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 30.
Published in final edited form as: Stat Med. 2015 Jul 14;34(27):3590–3605. doi: 10.1002/sim.6577

Table 6.

Estimates of attenuation factors and correlations with truth for the time-varying and fixed-intake models without covariates (standard errors in parentheses): protein density intake among men

Time-varying intake model Fixed-intake model

Instrument Study Attenuation Factor Correlation with Truth Attenuation Factor Correlation with Truth
FFQa 1 0.411 (0.067) 0.449 (0.069) 0.425 (0.070) 0.470 (0.070)
2 0.479 (0.160) 0.378 (0.124) 0.427 (0.148) 0.339 (0.111)
3 0.418 (0.094) 0.342 (0.075) 0.418 (0.093) 0.331 (0.069)
Weighted Mean 0.420 (0.052) 0.396 (0.048) 0.423 (0.052) 0.390 (0.045)
pd 0.927 0.551 0.998 0.321
1 × 24HRb 1 0.248 (0.038) 0.414 (0.057) 0.252 (0.037) 0.425 (0.055)
2 0.187 (0.051) 0.244 (0.062) 0.206 (0.055) 0.271 (0.064)
3 0.258 (0.042) 0.303 (0.045) 0.328 (0.045) 0.372 (0.044)
Weighted Mean 0.240 (0.025) 0.328 (0.032) 0.266 (0.026) 0.365 (0.031)
p 0.438 0.132 0.206 0.187
4 × 24HRc 1 0.457 (0.058) 0.562 (0.063) 0.538 (0.080) 0.621 (0.076)
2 0.514 (0.121) 0.404 (0.091) 0.597 (0.145) 0.461 (0.101)
3 0.529 (0.078) 0.433 (0.058) 0.709 (0.089) 0.546 (0.058)
Weighted Mean 0.481 (0.048) 0.483 (0.042) 0.612 (0.055) 0.554 (0.042)
p 0.711 0.229 0.362 0.435
a

Food frequency questionnaire

b

Single 24-hour recall

c

Average of 4 repeats of a 24-hour recall

d

p-value for heterogeneity across studies