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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Child Dev. 2015 Aug 26;86(6):1719–1737. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12413

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Model 2 estimates (standardized/unstandardized) controlling for substance use at age 17 on extracurricular activities, educational aspirations, educational attainment, and substance use at age 20 (χ2= 568.618, df = 432, RMSEA = .033, CFI = .939). Substance use at age 17 was allowed to covary with the other variables in the model. Age 17 substance use does not significantly predict extracurricular activities, educational aspirations, or educational attainment (paths not shown for clarity). Model also includes controls for the target’s race, changes in family structure, family income and mother’s education. NS: not significant. *p ≤ .05.