Table 1.
Means, Standard Deviations, and Ranges for Study Variables.
| Mean (SD) | Range | |
|---|---|---|
| Ethnic-racial identity exploration | ||
| Wave 1 | 2.89 (.72) | 1.43 – 4.00 |
| Wave 2 | 2.86 (.65) | 1.29 – 4.00 |
| Wave 3 | 2.89 (.65) | 1.14 – 4.00 |
| Wave 4 | 2.93 (.71) | 1.14 – 4.00 |
| Wave 5 | 2.93 (.65) | 1.00 – 4.00 |
| Ethnic-racial identity resolution | ||
| Wave 1 | 3.29 (.71) | 1.00 – 4.00 |
| Wave 2 | 3.39 (.64) | 1.00 – 4.00 |
| Wave 3 | 3.52 (.61) | 1.00 – 4.00 |
| Wave 4 | 3.45 (.66) | 1.00 – 4.00 |
| Wave 5 | 3.49 (.59) | 1.00 – 4.00 |
| Ethnic-racial identity affirmation | ||
| Wave 1 | 3.81 (.48) | 1.50 – 4.00 |
| Wave 2 | 3.81 (.41) | 2.00 – 4.00 |
| Wave 3 | 3.85 (.45) | 1.00 – 4.00 |
| Wave 4 | 3.89 (.34) | 1.67 – 4.00 |
| Wave 5 | 3.90 (.33) | 1.67 – 4.00 |
| Autonomy | ||
| Wave 1 | 3.14 (.45) | 1.50 – 4.00 |
| Wave 2 | 3.15 (.53) | 1.40 – 4.00 |
| Wave 4 | 3.35 (.57) | 1.60 – 4.00 |
| Wave 5 | 3.34 (.59) | 1.00 – 4.00 |
| Depressive symptoms | ||
| Wave 1 | .87 (.49) | .00 – 2.35 |
| Wave 6 | .66 (.59) | .00 – 2.55 |
| Self-esteem | ||
| Wave 1 | 3.23 (.45) | 2.00 – 4.00 |
| Wave 6 | 3.49 (.49) | 1.80 – 4.00 |
| Risk-taking behaviors | ||
| Wave 1 | 1.47 (.39) | 1.00 – 3.47 |
| Wave 6 | 1.18 (.25) | 1.00 – 2.82 |