Fig. 1.

Drug-loaded carrier is typically composed of a magnetic core and a biocompatible coating material. The magnetic core was made from different materials such as Fe₃O₄, Fe₂O₃, or Fe. The coating materials are Au, PEG, or SiO₂. Based on the biokinetics of particles, a drug carrier ranging from 10–200 nm in diameter is optimal for in vivo delivery, as the small particles (D<10 nm) escape by renal clearance [18] and the large ones (D>200 nm) are sequestered by the reticuloendothelial system of the spleen and liver [18]