Figure 5.

Adaptation results in RSC and TOS in Experiments 1 and 2. RSC and TOS were defined with the same contrast used to define PPA (i.e., contrasting the activation for scenes with the activation for faces and objects). (a) Results in RSC from Experiments 1 and 2. No differential adaptation effects were observed in RSC in either experiment. (b) Results in TOS from Experiments 1 and 2. In Experiment 1, only the shared and ensemble-change conditions showed a significant release from adaptation (compared with the identical condition), and in Experiment 2 no differential adaptation effects were observed in TOS. Taken together, these results are decidedly different than those observed in PPA, and suggest that sensitivity to processing object ensembles is not a general phenomenon seen throughout the entire human scene-processing network. Instead, these results suggest a functional dissociation between scene-processing regions, with PPA being sensitive to both spatial (e.g., spatial expanse; see Kravitz, Peng, and Baker 2011) and nonspatial (i.e., object ensembles and textures; see Cant and Xu 2012) aspects of visual scenes, whereas RSC and TOS may only participate in spatial aspects of visual scene processing. Error bars represent within-subject standard errors (i.e., with the between-subject variation removed; see Loftus and Mason 1994). RSC, retrosplenial complex; TOS, transverse occipital sulcus; ns, not significant. *P < 0.05.