Table 1.

Participants’ characteristics and differences in job satisfaction.

Variables	Number	%	Job Satisfaction (Mean ± SD)	p
Gender
Males	513	42.4	71.29 ± 15.15	0.001
Females	697	57.6	68.54 ± 14.10
Age
≤30	174	14.4	73.64 ± 13.33	<0.001
31–40	565	46.7	67.67 ± 13.81
41–50	367	30.3	70.58 ± 15.90
>50	104	8.6	71.11 ± 14.55
Marital status
Single/widow/separated	186	15.4	72.49 ± 14.69	0.005
Married/cohabitation	1024	84.6	69.20 ± 14.55
Educational level
Bachelor	168	13.9	67.21 ± 14.06	<0.001
Master	557	46.0	68.34 ± 13.84
Doctor	485	40.1	72.14 ± 15.32
Professional positions
Assistant	105	8.7	72.07 ± 14.16	<0.001
Lecturer	493	40.7	68.79 ± 13.93
Associate professor	445	36.8	68.14 ± 14.59
Professor	167	13.8	75.10 ± 15.60
Monthly income (yuan, RMB)
<4000	295	24.4	66.87 ± 14.64	<0.001
4000–6999	733	60.6	68.51 ± 13.90
≥7000	182	15	79.12 ± 13.74
Physical exercise
No	447	36.9	67.22 ± 14.94	<0.001
Yes	763	63.1	71.16 ± 14.23
Turnover intention
No	826	68.3	73.30 ± 13.94	<0.001
Yes	384	31.7	61.97 ± 12.95
Chronic disease
No	739	61.1	72.08 ± 14.68	<0.001
Yes	471	38.9	65.98 ± 13.72
$\mathbf{\text{ERR}}$
≤1	940	77.7	72.68 ± 13.38	<0.001
>1	270	22.3	59.35 ± 14.01

ERR: effort/reward ratio.