Table 1.
Univariate Associations Between Demographic, Smoking, and Health-Related Variables and Retention at Week 8
| Characteristic | Total (n = 430) | Completed Week 8 (n = 327) | Did not complete Week 8 (n = 103) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age | 44.35 (9.96) | 45.10 (9.72) | 41.98 (10.40) | .006 |
| Male | 321 (74.7%) | 245 (74.9%) | 76 (73.8%) | .817 |
| Race | ||||
| African American/Black | 242 (56.3%) | 188 (57.5%) | 54 (52.4%) | .446 |
| White, non-Hispanic | 153 (35.6% | 111 (33.9%) | 42 (40.8%) | |
| Other race | 35 (8.1%) | 28 (8.6%) | 7 (6.8%) | |
| Monthly income | ||||
| <$400 | 293 (68.1%) | 225 (68.8%) | 68 (66.0%) | .865 |
| $400–799 | 87 (20.2%) | 65 (19.9%) | 22 (21.4%) | |
| ≥$800 | 50 (11.6%) | 37 (11.3%) | 13 (12.6%) | |
| Homelessness duration | ||||
| <6 months | 143 (33.3%) | 106 (32.5%) | 37 (35.9%) | .103 |
| 6–12 months | 72 (16.8%) | 49 (15.0%) | 23 (22.3%) | |
| ≥1 year | 214 (49.9%) | 171 (52.5%) | 43 (41.7%) | |
| Homeless episodes in past 3 years | ||||
| 1 | 185 (43.2%) | 139 (42.6%) | 46 (45.1%) | .753 |
| 2 or 3 | 152 (35.5%) | 115 (35.3%) | 37 (36.3%) | |
| ≥4 | 91 (21.3%) | 72 (22.1%) | 19 (18.6%) | |
| Smoking characteristics | ||||
| Cigarettes smoked per day | 19.25 (13.73) | 18.79 (14.54) | 20.71 (10.70) | .151 |
| Time to 1st cigarette | ||||
| ≤30 min | 374 (87.0%) | 286 (87.5%) | 88 (85.4%) | .594 |
| >30 min | 56 (13.0%) | 41 (12.5%) | 15 (14.6%) | |
| Time of last quit attempt >24 hr | ||||
| Never quit before | 81 (19.7 %) | 62 (19.9%) | 19 (18.8%) | .840 |
| ≤12 months ago | 153 (37.1%) | 113 (36.3%) | 40 (39.6%) | |
| >12 months ago | 178 (43.2%) | 136 (43.7%) | 42 (41.6%) | |
| Importance of quitting (1–10 scale) | 9.07 (1.63) | 9.14 (1.53) | 8.83 (1.89) | .133 |
| Confidence to quit (1–10 scale) | 7.27 (2.43) | 7.37 (2.40) | 6.93 (2.51) | .111 |
| Physical and mental health | ||||
| Have healthcare coverage | ||||
| No | 77 (17.9%) | 50 (15.3%) | 27 (26.2%) | .012 |
| Self-rated heath | ||||
| Excellent/very good | 180 (42.1%) | 140 (42.8%) | 40 (39.6%) | .568 |
| Good/fair/poor | 248 (57.9%) | 187 (57.2%) | 61 (60.4%) | |
| PHQ-9 total score (0–27) | 8.48 (6.39) | 8.47 (6.47) | 8.50 (6.17) | .966 |
| Perceived stress score (4 items, composite score 0–16) | 8.49 (2.71) | 8.34 (2.81) | 8.96 (2.31) | .025 |
| Self-perceived excessive drinking | ||||
| Yes | 95 (45.5%) | 137 (42.0%) | 58 (56.3%) | .011 |
| Use of drugs other than marijuana, cocaine, or heroin in past 30 days | ||||
| 0 uses | 413 (96.5%) | 316 (97.2%) | 97 (94.2%) | .142 |
| ≥1 use | 15 (3.5%) | 9 (2.8%) | 6 (5.8%) | |
| Lifetime detox admissions | 2.03 (6.21) | 1.68 (4.70) | 3.15 (9.46) | .132 |
Note. Summary statistics are given as mean (SD) for continuous variables and number (percent) for categorical variables. Significant associations are in bold.