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. 2012 Apr 24;53(4):2208–2217. doi: 10.1167/iovs.11-8447

Figure 7.

Figure 7

NA- and β-HB–induced suppression of IL-6 and Ccl2 production in RPE cells is Gpr109a-dependent. Primary RPE cells were isolated from Gpr109a+/+ (wild-type [WT]) and Gpr109a−/– (knockout [KO]) mouse eyes. The presence or absence of Gpr109a mRNA and protein in these cells was confirmed by (A) RT-PCR and (B) immunofluorescence. WT and KO cells were exposed to TNF-α (10 ng/mL) in the presence or absence of NA (1 mM) or β-HB (5 mM) for 24 hours. Cell culture medium was collected and used for ELISA analysis of (C) IL-6 and (D) Ccl2 protein. (E) qPCR analysis of GPR109A mRNA expression in whole eyes obtained from WT and Gpr109a−/− mice. *P < 0.05 compared with control cells; **P < 0.01 compared with TNF-α–treated cells.