Table 2.
Changes in biomedical outcomes by follow-up times and treatment differences between participants with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes assigned to a structured group education program or to usual care
| CM™ group (ITT) Mean change (95% CI) | UC group (ITT) Mean change (95% CI) | CM™ group (PP) Mean change (95% CI) | UC group (PP) Mean change (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FPG Baseline to 12 months | −43.46¶* (−27.52 to −59.41) | −12.89 (6.86 to −32.66) | − 49.36¶* (−28.04 to −60.68) | −15.48 (5.11 to −36.07) |
| Bodyweight Baseline to 12 months | −0.98 (−2.20 to 0.22)* | −0.14 (−3.87 to 0.61) | −0.98 (−0.22 to 2.20) | −0.62 (−3.42 to 6.17) |
| Systolic blood pressure Baseline to 12 months | −27.49 (1.25 to −53.72) | −23.57 (2.69 to −49.83) | −34.47 (2.86 to −35.81) | −23.38 (6.77 to −39.9) |
| Diastolic blood pressure Baseline to 12 months | −5.03 (2.52 to −7.54) | −2.41 (4.54 to −9.36) | −4.60 (1.34 to −7.86)* | −3.91 (2.28 to −10.11) |
| Positive attitudes Baseline to 12 months | 0.67¶* (0.62 to 0.71) | −0.24 (−0.18 to −0.29) | 0.79¶* (0.75 to 0.84) | −0.43 (−0.37 to −0.48) |
| Negative attitudes Baseline to 12 months | −0.96¶* (−0.90 to −1.01) | 0.09 (0.03 to 0.14) | −1.16¶* (−1.10 to −1.21) | 0.26 (0.21 to 0.31) |
CI, confidence interval; CM, structured education with conversation map; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; ITT, intention-to-treat; PP, per-protocol usual care; PPG, postprandial plasma glucose, UC, routine usual care education.
¶P < 0.0.5 within group; *P < 0.05, between groups.