Table III.
Risk Factors for “Pain in Arms” (Frequency Counts and Odds Ratios)
| Outcome Measures/Risk Factors | Pain in Arms | Pain in Arms | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n=number of interviewees* | Yes Freq (%) | OR (95% CI) | |||||||
| Individual Factors | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 |
|
Age
|
Compared with age 18-24 |
||||||||
| 18-24 | n=127 | n=127 | n=71 | 29(22.8%) | 33(26.0%) | 13(18.3%) | |||
| 25-34 | n=390 | n=365 | n=241 | 97(24.9%) | 76 (20.7%) | 57(23.7%) | 1.12(0.70-1.80) | 0.75(0.47-1.20) | 1.38(0.71-2.70) |
| 35-44 | n=376 | n=402 | n=254 | 107(28.5%) | 118(29.4%) | 70(23.6%) | 1.34(0.84-2.15) | 1.18(0.75-1.86) | 1.70(0.88-3.29) |
| 45-54 | n=346 | n=397 | n=253 | 111(32.0%) | 124(31.2%) | 63(27.6%) | 1.60(0.99-2.56) | 1.29(0.83-2.21) | 1.99(1.03-3.84) |
| 55-64 | n=182 | n=212 | n=170 | 57(31.3%) | 67(31.6%) | 57(33.5%) | 1.54(0.92-2.59) | 1.32(0.81-2.15) | 2.25(1.14-4.45) |
| > 65 | n=37 | n=49 | n=53 | 10(27.0%) | 13(23.5%) | 13(24.5%) | 1.25(0.54-2.89) | 1.25(0.54-2.89) | 1.45(0.61-3.45) |
| Gender | Compared with male | ||||||||
| Male | n=769 | n=771 | n=503 | 213(27.7%) | 199(26.7%) | 122(24.3%) | |||
| Female | n=695 | n=781 | n=540 | 201(28.9%) | 232(29.6%) | 166(30.7%) | 1.06(0.85-1.33) | 1.22(0.97-1.52) | 1.39(1.05-1.82) |
|
Hurt at Work (# times hurt at work last year) |
Compared with 0 times. |
||||||||
| 0 times | n=1299 | n=1369 | n=938 | 324(24.9%) | 336(24.5%) | 238(25.4%) | |||
| 1 time | n=106 | n=112 | n=61 | 56(52.8%) | 56(50.0%) | 26(42.6%) | 3.37(2.25-5.03) | 3.07(2.08-4.45) | 2.19(1.29-3.71) |
| 2 times | n=17 | n=40 | n=20 | 10(58.8%) | 24(60.0%) | 8(40.0%) | 4.30(1.62-11.37) | 4.61(2.42-8.79) | 1.96(0.79-4.86) |
| => 3 times | n=37 | n=31 | n=21 | 20(54.0%) | 15(48.4%) | 13(61.2%) | 3.54(1.83-6.83) | 2.88(1.41-5.89) | 4.78(1.96-11.67) |
|
Physical Health (How many days during the past 30 days was your physical health not good?) |
Compared with 0-13 days. |
||||||||
| 0 - 13 days | n=1482 | n=1449 | n=958 | 399(26.9%) | 382(26.4%) | 233(24.3%) | |||
| ≥ 14 days | n=103 | n=89 | n=78 | 48(46.6%) | 47(52.8%) | 51(65.4%) | 2.37(1.58-3.55) | 3.13(2.03-4.82 | 5.88(3.60-9.59) |
|
Mental Health (How many days during the past 30 days was your mental health not good?) |
Compared with 0-13 days. |
||||||||
| 0 - 13 days | n=1395 | n=1414 | n=922 | 366(26.2%) | 367(26.0%) | 227(24.6%) | |||
| ≥ 14 days | n=187 | n=122 | n=112 | 80(42.8%) | 61(50.0%) | 56(50.0%) | 2.10(1.54-2.88) | 2.85(1.96-4.15) | 3.06(2.05-4.57) |
|
Health Days (How many days during past 30 days did your poor mental or physical health affect usual activities?) |
Compared with 0-13 days. |
||||||||
| 0 - 13 days | n=1520 | n=1494 | n=955 | 414(27.2%) | 406(27.2%) | 256(25.7%) | |||
| ≥ 14 days | n=66 | n=46 | n=42 | 34(51.5%) | 23(60.1%) | 28(66.7%) | 2.84(1.73-4.66) | 2.68(1.49-4.83) | 5.77(2.99-11.14) |
| Physical Factors | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 |
|
Heavy Lifting (Job requires repeated lifting pulling or pushing?) |
Yes vs. No |
||||||||
| No | n=794 | n=832 | n=553 | 285(35.9%) | 183(22.0%) | 127(23.0%) | |||
| Yes | n=671 | n=716 | n=489 | 229(34.1%) | 248(33.6%) | 161(34.6%) | 1.70(1.35-2.14) | 1.88(1.50-2.35) | 1.65(1.25-2.16) |
|
Hand Movement (Job requires repetitive, or stressful hand movements or awkward postures) |
Yes vs. No |
||||||||
| No | n=714 | n=783 | n=557 | 138(13.9%) | 132(16.9%) | 101(18.1%) | 2.42(1.91-3.07) | 3.16(2.49-4.00) | 2.83(2.14-3.76) |
| Yes | n=751 | n=766 | n=485 | 276(36.8%) | 299(39.0%) | 187(38.6%) | |||
| Physical Effort (Please rate the overall physical effort at the job you normally do) | Compared with very light | ||||||||
| Very Light | n=264 | 53(20.1%) | |||||||
| Fairly light | n=295 | 67(22.7%) | 1.17(0.78-1.76) | ||||||
| Somewhat hard | n=262 | 64(24.4%) | 1.29(0.85-1.94) | ||||||
| Hard | n=121 | 46(38.0%) | 2.44(1.52-3.93) | ||||||
| Very Hard | n=98 | 57(58.2%) | 5.54(3.35-9.14) | ||||||
| Psychosocial Factors | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 |
| Job Satisfaction (How satisfied with job?) | Compared with very satisfied. | ||||||||
| Very satisfied | n=721 | n=700 | n=461 | 16 22.3%) | 161(23.0%) | 116(25.2%) | |||
| Somewhat satisfied | n=580 | n=708 | n=463 | 177(30.5%) | 216((30.5%) | 123(26.6%) | 1.53(1.19-1.96) | 1.47(1.16-1.86) | 1.08(0.80-1.45) |
| Not too satisfied | n=113 | n=197 | n=84 | 5(44.3%) | 36(37.1%) | 35(41.7%) | 2.76(1.83-4.16) | 1.98(1.26-3.09) | 2.13(1.31-3.44) |
| Not at all satisfied | n=48 | n=46 | n=35 | 23(47.9%) | 18(39.1%) | 14(40.0%) | 3.20(1.77-5.79) | 2.15(1.16-3.99) | 1.98(0.98-4.03) |
| Work Freedom (Freedom to decide how to do my own work) | Compared with not at all true. | ||||||||
| Not at all true | n=66 | n=61 | n=46 | 27(40.9%) | 25(41.0%) | 19(41.3%) | |||
| Not too true | n=118 | n=144 | n=84 | 40(33.9%) | 48(33.3%) | 28(33.3%) | 0.74(0.40-1.14) | 0.72(0.39-1.33) | 0.71(0.34-1.49) |
| Somewhat true | n=453 | n=482 | n=334 | 137(30.2%) | 145(30.1%) | 90(27.0%) | 0.63(0.37-1.07) | 0.62(0.36-1.07) | 0.52(0.28-0.99) |
| Very true | n=825 | n=849 | n=578 | 209(25.3%) | 212(25.0%) | 151(26.1%) | 0.49(0.29-0.82) | 0.48(0.28-0.82) | 0.50(0.27-0.93) |
| Supervisor Support | Compared with very true. | ||||||||
| Very true | n=523 | n=539 | n=379 | 136(261%) | 114(21.2%) | 92(24.3%) | |||
| Somewhat true | n=614 | n=641 | n=422 | 156(25.4%) | 182(28.4%) | 102(24.2%) | 0.97(0.74-1.27) | 1.48(1.13-1.93) | 0.99(0.72-1.37) |
| Not too true | n=196 | n=220 | n=163 | 67(34.2%) | 88(40.0%) | 68(41.3%) | 1.48(1.04-2.11) | 2.49(1.77-3.49) | 2.23(1.51-3.30) |
| Not at all true | n=102 | n=91 | n=56 | 45(44.1%) | 33(36.3%) | 22(39.3%) | 2.25(1.45-3.48) | 2.12(1.32-3.41) | 2.02(1.12-3.63) |
| Work Time (Enough time to get job done.) | Compared with very true. | ||||||||
| Very true | n=607 | n=593 | n=405 | 150(24.7%) | 144(24.3%) | 99(24.4%) | |||
| Somewhat true | n=580 | n=671 | n=459 | 167(28.8%) | 182(27.1%) | 131(28.5%) | 1.23(0.95-1.59) | 1.16(0.90-1.50) | 1.23(0.91-1.67) |
| Not too true | n=169 | n=193 | n=121 | 50(39.6%) | 72(37.3%) | 39(32.3%) | 1.28(0.88-1.87) | 1.86(1.31-2.63) | 1.47(0.94-2.29) |
| Not at all true | n=105 | n=79 | n=56 | 46(43.8%) | 30(38.0%) | 19(33.9%) | 2.38(1.55-3.64) | 1.91(1.17-3.12) | 1.59(0.87-2.89) |
| Work Fast (Job requires I work fast.) | Compared with strongly disagree. | ||||||||
| Strongly Disagree | n=48 | n=57 | n=29 | 11(22.9%) | 19(33.3%) | 7(24.1%) | |||
| Disagree | n=477 | n=443 | n=300 | 127(26.6%) | 109(24.6%) | 64(21.3%) | 1.24(0.61-2.50) | 0.65(0.36-1.18) | 0.85(0.35-2.09) |
| Agree | n=619 | n=713 | n=485 | 180(29.1%) | 190(26.7%) | 142(29.3%) | 1.38(0.69-2.76) | 0.73(0.41-1.29) | 1.30(0.54-3.11) |
| Strongly Agree | n=317 | n=332 | n=226 | 94(29.7%) | 113(34.0%) | 75(33.2%) | 1.42(0.69-2.90) | 1.03(0.57-1.87) | 1.56(0.64-3.82) |
| Work hours (# hours(h) worked last week) | Compared with < 40h | ||||||||
| ≤40h | n=746 | n=837 | n=583 | 267(29.6%) | 225(26.8%) | 152(26.0%) | |||
| 41-50h | n=402 | n=377 | n=261 | 111(27.6%) | 109(28.9%) | 75(28.7%) | 0.91(0.69-1.19) | 1.11(0.84-1.45) | 1.14(0.83-1.58) |
| 51-60h | n=188 | n=207 | n=129 | 37(19.7%) | 61(29.5%) | 32(24.8%) | 0.58(0.39-0.86) | 1.14(0.81-1.59) | 0.94(0.60-1.45) |
| 61-70h | n=69 | n=60 | n=40 | 21(30.4%) | 15(25.0%) | 17(42.5%) | 1.04(0.61-1.78) | 0.91(0.50-1.66) | 2.10(1.09-4.01) |
| >71h | n=55 | n=71 | n=30 | 23(41.1%) | 21(29.6%) | 12(40.0%) | 1.71(0.98-2.98) | 1.14 (0.67-1.95) | 1.89(0.89-4.02) |
| Must Work (Mandatory to work extra hours.) | yes vs. no | ||||||||
| No | n=1041 | n=1100 | n=724 | 267(25.7%) | 289(26.2%) | 200(27.6%) | |||
| Yes | n=411 | n=429 | n=303 | 143(34.8%) | 138(32.2%) | 86(28.4%) | 1.55(1.21-1.99) | 1.33(1.04-1.70) | 1.04(0.77-1.40) |
| Safety climate | Compared with strongly agree. | ||||||||
| Strongly agree | n=504 | n= 821 | n=527 | 136(27.0%) | 197(24.0%) | 125(23.7%) | |||
| Agree | n=712 | n=578 | n=414 | 181(25.4%) | 172(29.8%) | 112(27.1%) | 0.92(0.71-1.20) | 1.34(1.06-1.71) | 1.19(0.89-1.60) |
| Disagree | n=179 | n=89 | n=58 | 68(38.0%) | 35(39.3%) | 26(44.8%) | 1.66(1.16-2.38) | 2.05(1.30-3.24) | 2.61(1.50-4.55) |
| Strongly disagree | n=65 | n=51 | n=41 | 26(40.0%) | 25(49.0%) | 25(70.0%) | 1.80(1.06-3.08) | 3.05(1.72-5.39) | 5.03(2.60-9.71) |
| Work Stress (How often is work stressful?) | Compared with never. | ||||||||
| Never | n=88 | n=80 | n=59 | 22(25.0%) | 12(15.0%) | 10(17.0%) | |||
| Hardly ever | n=255 | n=254 | n=178 | 55(21.6%) | 53(20.1%) | 30(16.9%) | 0.83(0.47-1.46) | 1.49(0.75-2.96) | 0.99(0.45-2.18) |
| Sometimes | n=622 | n=694 | n=437 | 143(23.0% | 176(25.4%) | 116(26.5%) | 0.90(0.54-1.51) | 1.93(1.02-3.64) | 1.77(0.87-3.61) |
| Often | n=350 | n=347 | n=266 | 125(35.7%) | 110(31.7%) | 81(30.5%) | 1.67(0.98-2.83) | 2.63(1.37-5.06) | 2.15(1.04-4.45) |
| Always | n=148 | n=174 | n=103 | 68 (46.0%) | 80(46.0%) | 51(49.5%) | 2.55(1.43-4.56) | 4.82(2.44-9.54) | 4.81(2.20-10.51) |
| Work Schedule | Compared with day shift. | ||||||||
| Day Shift | n=1078 | n=1167 | n=781 | 304(28.2%) | 320(27.4%) | 206(26.2%) | |||
| Afternoon Shift | n=53 | n=55 | n=49 | 14(26.4%) | 20(36.4%) | 16(33.3%) | 0.91(0.489-1.705) | 1.51(0.86-2.66) | 1.35(0.73-2.51) |
| Night Shift | n=94 | n=92 | n=54 | 24(25.5%) | 27(29.4%) | 19(35.2%) | 0.87(0.538-1.412) | 1.10(0.69-1.75) | 1.52(0.85-2.71) |
| Split Shift | n=38 | n=29 | n=28 | 11(29.0%) | 11(38.0%) | 7(25.0%) | 1.04(0.508-2.115) | 1.62(0.76-3.46) | 0.93(0.39-2.22) |
| Irreg./on call | n=124 | n=129 | n=83 | 39(31.5%) | 37(28.7%) | 25(30.1%) | 1.17(0.781-1.743) | 1.07(0.71-1.59) | 1.20(0.73-1.97) |
| Rotating Shift | n=73 | n=74 | n=44 | 19(26.0%) | 15(20.3%) | 15(34.1%) | 0.99(0.522-1.534) | 0.67(0.38-1.20) | 1.44 (0.76-2.75) |
| Dichotomized Variables | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 |
| Job Satisfaction (Are you satisfied with your job?) | Yes vs. No | ||||||||
| Yes | n=1301 | n=1408 | n=924 | 341(26.2%) | 377(26.8%) | 239(25.9%) | |||
| No | n=161 | n=143 | n=119 | 72(44.7%) | 54(37.8%) | 49(41.2%) | 2.28(1.63-3.18) | 1.66(1.16-2.37) | 2.01(1.35-2.98) |
| Safety Climate (Are safety conditions good at work?) | Yes vs. No | ||||||||
| No | n=244 | n=140 | n=99 | 94(38.5%) | 60(40.0%) | 51(51.5%) | |||
| Yes | n=1217 | n=1399 | n=941 | 320(26.3%) | 369(26.2%) | 237(25.2%) | 0.56(0.42-0.75) | 0.48(0.34-0.68) | 0.32(0.21-0.48) |
| Work Stress (How often is work stressful?) | Yes vs. No | ||||||||
| No 3,4,5 | n=965 | n=1028 | n=674 | 220(22.8%) | 241(23.4%) | 156(23.2%) | |||
| Yes 1,2 | n=498 | n=521 | n=369 | 193(38.8%) | 290(36.5%) | 132(35.8%) | 2.14(1.69-2.71) | 1.88(1.49-2.36) | 1.85(1.40-2.44) |
| Work Fast (Does the job require that I work fast?) | Yes vs. No | ||||||||
| No | n=525 | n=501 | n=329 | 139(26.5%) | 128(25.6%) | 71(21.6%) | |||
| Yes | n=936 | n=1045 | n=711 | 274(29.3%) | 307(29.0%) | 217(30.5%) | 1.15(0.90-1.46) | 1.19(0.94-1.52) | 1.60(1.17-2.17) |
| Work Time (Is there enough time to get the job done?) | Yes vs. No | ||||||||
| No | n=275 | n=272 | n=177 | 96(34.0%) | 102(37.5%) | 58(32.8%) | |||
| Yes | n=1187 | n=1264 | n=864 | 317(26.7%) | 326(25.8%) | 230(26.6%) | 0.68(0.51-0.89) | 0.58(0.44-0.76) | 0.74(0.53-1.05) |
| Risk Factor Combinations | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 |
| Heavy Lifting and Work Stress 3,4,5 | Compared with No-No | ||||||||
| No-No | |||||||||
| No-Yes | n=517 | n=554 | n=354 | 94(18.2%) | 110(19.9%) | 63(17.8%) | 2.20(1.57-3.07) | 1.44(1.02-2.02) | 1.77(1.18-2.65) |
| Yes-No | n=277 | n=278 | n=199 | 91(32.0%) | 73(26.3%) | 58(29.2%) | 1.76(1.30-2.38) | 1.55(1.16-2.07) | 1.60(1.12-2.30) |
| Yes-Yes | n=448 | n=473 | n=319 | 126(28.1%) | 131(27.7%) | 85(26.7%) | 3.85(2.77-5.44) | 3.78(2.75-5.24) | 3.17(2.12-4.74) |
| Interaction | n=221 | n=242 | n=170 | 102(46.2%) | 117(48.4%) | 63(37.1%) | 1.00(0.62-1.60) | 1.70(1.07-2.72) | 1.12(0.64-1.95) |
| Heavy Lifting and Work Fast | Compared with No-No | ||||||||
| No-No | |||||||||
| No-Yes | n=305 | n=284 | n=178 | 64(21.0%) | 61(21.3%) | 38(21.4%) | 1.24(0.88-1.74) | 1.06(0.75-1.50) | 1.16(0.75-1.78) |
| Yes-No | n=488 | n=544 | n=372 | 121(24.8%) | 122(22.4%) | 89(23.9%) | 1.94(1.31-2.87) | 1.69(1.10-2.46) | 1.03(0.61-1.75) |
| Yes-Yes | n=220 | n=216 | n=151 | 75(34.1%) | 67(31.0%) | 33(21.9%) | 1.94(1.39-2.28) | 2.07(1.48-2.91) | 2.25(1.48-3.42) |
| Interaction | n=448 | n=500 | n=338 | 153(34.2%) | 181(36.2%) | 128(37.9%) | 0.81(0.50-1.32) | 1.19(0.73-1.94) | 1.88(1.01-3.49) |
| Heavy Lifting and Work Time | Compared with No-Yes | ||||||||
| No-Yes | |||||||||
| No-No | n=636 | n=671 | n=372 | 137(21.5%) | 137(20.4%) | 89(23.4%) | 1.63(1.11-2.41) | 1.52(1.02-2.27) | 1.22(0.74-2.02) |
| Yes-Yes | n=155 | n=153 | n=178 | 48(31.0%) | 43(28.1% | 38(21.4%) | 1.89(1.46-2.45) | 1.82(1.41-2.35) | 1.60(1.18-2.17) |
| Yes-No | n=551 | n=593 | n=338 | 180(32.7%) | 189(31.9%) | 128(37.9%) | 2.98(1.98-4.48) | 3.90(2.60-5.85) | 2.48(3.50-7.98) |
| Interaction | n=119 | n=118 | n=151 | 48(40.3%) | 59(50.0%) | 33(21.9%) | 0.85(0.48-1.49) | 1.40(0.80-2.47) | 0.97(0.55-1.74) |
| Hand Movement and Work Stress 3,4,5 | Compared with No-No | ||||||||
| No-No | |||||||||
| No-Yes | n=491 | n=544 | n=366 | 81(16.5%) | 83(15.3%) | 54(15.0%) | 1.73(1.18-2.55) | 1.44(0.97-2.13) | 1.89(1.22-2.92) |
| Yes-No | n=223 | n=238 | n=191 | 57(25.6%) | 49(20.6%) | 47(24.6%) | 2.10(1.54-2.86) | 2.69(1.99-3.64) | 2.88(1.98-4.18) |
| Yes-Yes | n=474 | n=484 | n=307 | 139(29.3% | 158(32.6%) | 102(33.2%) | 4.94(3.53-6.91) | 5.55(3.99-7.73) | 5.28(2.07-4.73) |
| Interaction | n=275 | n=282 | n=178 | 136(49.5) | 141(50.0%) | 85(47.8%) | 1.36(0.83-2.23) | 1.43(0.87-2.66) | 0.66(0.37-1.17) |
| Hand Movement and Work Fast | Compared with No-No | ||||||||
| No-No | |||||||||
| No-Yes | n=301 | n=285 | n=193 | 56(18.6%) | 49(17.2%) | 28(14.5%) | 1.08(0.74-1.58) | 0.97(0.66-1.43) | 1.49(0.93-2.40) |
| Yes-No | n=412 | n=494 | n=361 | 82(19.9%) | 83(16.8%) | 73(20.2%) | 2.57(1.72-3.82) | 2.80(1.85-4.23) | 2.73(1.59-4.67) |
| Yes-Yes | n=224 | n=215 | n=136 | 83(37.1%) | 79(36.7%) | 43(31.6%) | 2.52(1.79-3.54) | 3.20(2.25-4.55) | 4.14(2.63-6.52) |
| Interaction | n=524 | n=551 | n=349 | 192(36.6%) | 220(39.9%) | 144(41.3%) | 0.91(0.55-1.49) | 1.18(0.71-1.95) | 1.02(0.54-1.92) |
| Hand Movement and Work Time | Compared with No-Yes | ||||||||
| No-Yes | |||||||||
| No-No | n=586 | n=652 | n=474 | 106(18.1%) | 105(16.1%) | 88(18.6%) | 1.56(0.99-2.45) | 1.33(0.82-2.16) | 0.82(0.44-1.56) |
| Yes-Yes | n=125 | n=123 | n=82 | 32(25.6%) | 25(20.3%) | 13(15.6%) | 2.45(1.87-3.31) | 2.94(2.26-3.84) | 2.52(1.85-3.44) |
| Yes-No | n=601 | n=612 | n=389 | 211(35.1%) | 221(36.1%) | 142(36.5%) | 2.41(2.32-5.02) | 5.57(3.80-8.17) | 3.95(2.48-6.28) |
| Interaction | n=149 | n=149 | n=95 | 64(43.0%) | 77(51.7%) | 45(47.4%) | 0.89(0.50-1.60) | 1.42(0.78-2.61) | 1.89(0.87-4.14) |
| Physical Effort 3,4,5 and Work Stress 3,4,5 | Compared with No-No | ||||||||
| No-No | |||||||||
| No-Yes | n=365 | 62(17.0%) | 2.08(1.38-3.14) | ||||||
| Yes-No | n=194 | 58(30.0%) | 2.13(1.48-3.08) | ||||||
| Yes-Yes | n=306 | 93(30.1%) | 3.58(2.39-5.37) | ||||||
| Interaction | n=175 | 74(42.3%) | 0.81(0.46-1.42) | ||||||
| Physical Effort 3,4,5 and Work Fast | Compared with No-No | ||||||||
| No-No | n=178 | 32(18.0%) | |||||||
| No-Yes | n=372 | 89(23.9%) | 1.45(0.92-2.31) | ||||||
| Yes-No | n=151 | 32(21.2%) | 1.72(0.99-2.97) | ||||||
| Yes-Yes | n=338 | 116(34.3%) | 3.05(1.95-4.78) | ||||||
| Interaction | 1.22 (0.64-2.33) | ||||||||
| Physical Effort 3,4,5 and Work Time | Compared with No-Yes | ||||||||
| No-Yes | n=474 | 97(20.5%) | |||||||
| No-No | n=82 | 16(19.5%) | 1.24(0.75-2.06) | ||||||
| Yes-Yes | n=389 | 121(31.1%) | 1.90(1.12-3.20) | ||||||
| Yes-No | n=95 | 35(36.8%) | 1.58(1.16-2.15) | ||||||
| Interaction | 0.97(0.47-2.00) | ||||||||
*
Number of interviewees with usable data.