Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of MSU crystal exposed and propensity score matched unexposed individuals
| MSU crystals | No crystals | |
|---|---|---|
| All | 317 (100.0) | 317 (100.0) |
| Male | 277 (87.4) | 275 (86.8) |
| Female | 40 (12.6) | 42 (13.2) |
| Age | 61 (50–74) | 62 (50–74) |
| History of | ||
| Ischemic heart disease | 77 (24.3) | 74 (23.3) |
| Heart failure | 48 (15.1) | 45 (14.2) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 54 (17.0) | 54 (17.0) |
| Stroke | 38 (12.0) | 34 (10.7) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 48 (15.1) | 40 (12.6) |
| Hypertension | 109 (34.4) | 100 (31.5) |
| COPD | 33 (10.4) | 30 (9.5) |
| Charlson comorbidity index | ||
| 0 | 147 (46.4) | 152 (47.9) |
| 1 | 62 (19.6) | 62 (19.6) |
| 2 | 39 (12.3) | 41 (12.9) |
| ≥3 | 69 (21.8) | 62 (19.6) |
| Current drug use (baseline) | ||
| Urate-lowering drugs | 49 (15.5) | 46 (14.5) |
| Diabetes drugs (ever use) | 41 (12.9) | 33 (10.4) |
| Vitamin K antagonists | 36 (11.4) | 34 (10.7) |
| ADP-receptor inhibitor | 8 (2.5) | 6 (1.9) |
| Low-dose ASA | 64 (20.2) | 56 (17.7) |
| Dipyridamole | 11 (3.5) | 11 (3.5) |
| Digitalis | 28 (8.8) | 29 (9.1) |
| Nitrates | 15 (4.7) | 15 (4.7) |
| Thiazide diuretics | 27 (8.5) | 28 (8.8) |
| Loop diuretics | 86 (27.1) | 85 (26.8) |
| Aldosterone antagonists | 15 (4.7) | 14 (4.4) |
| Beta blockers | 61 (19.2) | 60 (18.9) |
| Calcium antagonists | 45 (14.2) | 46 (14.5) |
| RAS blockers | 104 (32.8) | 101 (31.9) |
| Statins | 64 (20.2) | 56 (17.7) |
| COPD drugs | 33 (10.4) | 32 (10.1) |
| Systemic corticosteroids | 56 (17.7) | 56 (17.7) |
| NSAIDs | 166 (52.4) | 161 (50.8) |
| Blood measurements (baseline) | ||
| Urate level | 0.53 (0.46–0.61) | 0.43 (0.38–0.50) |
| Urate level <0.30 mmol/l | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Urate level 0.30–0.36 mmol/l | 7 (2.2) | 28 (8.8) |
| Urate level 0.37–0.42 mmol/l | 43 (13.6) | 129 (40.7) |
| Urate level 0.43–0.48 mmol/l | 72 (22.7) | 65 (20.5) |
| Urate level >0.48 mmol/l | 195 (61.5) | 95 (30.0) |
| eGFR | 68 (51–83) | 70 (53–81) |
| High HbA1c (>6.5 %) | 36 (11.4) | 26 (8.2) |
| High total cholesterol (>5 mmol/l) | 64 (20.2) | 67 (21.1) |
| Proteinuria | 43 (13.6) | 38 (12.0) |
Data presented as n (%) or median (IQR)
ADP adenosine diphosphate, ASA acetyl salicylic acid, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, IQR interquartile range, MSU monosodium urate, NSAID nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, RAS renin–angiotensin system