Table 2.

Hierarchical regression analysis of variables related to the level of smartphone addiction (n = 110)

	Variables	Standardized coefficients (Beta)	t	R2 change	F change
Model 1				0.303	8.848
Block 1	Gender (male = 0)	0.057	0.467
	Height (cm)	0.101	0.742
	Weight (kg)	–0.136	–0.650
	Muscle mass (kg)	–0.181	–0.883
	Fat mass (kg)	0.467	3.467*
Model 2				0.279	33.378
Block 1	Gender (male = 0)	0.005	0.051
	Height (cm)	0.067	0.623
	Weight (kg)	–0.154	–0.931
	Muscle mass (kg)	–0.015	–0.090
	Fat mass (kg)	0.195	1.680
Block 2	Number of use per day	0.152	1.451
	Hours of use per day	0.528	5.393**
Model 3				0.143	25.416
Block 1	Gender (male = 0)	–0.086	–1.036
	Height (cm)	0.044	0.493
	Weight (kg)	–0.015	–0.107
	Muscle mass (kg)	–0.112	–0.842
	Fat mass (kg)	–0.006	–0.061
Block 2	Number of use per day	0.064	0.741
	Hours of use per day	0.209	2.259*
Block 3	Average number of walking steps for a day	–0.838	–6.416**
	Average consumed calorie for a day	0.218	1.673

^* represents p < 0.05, and

^** represents p < 0.001.

The overall R² of Models 1, 2, and 3 are 0.303, 0.582, and 0.725, respectively.