Table 3.
Characteristics of households (HH) with chronic conditions and bivariate associations with the outcome variables by country, 2010
| Country | NIC | HON | GUT |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total number of HH | 957 | 869 | 935 |
| Number (%) of HH reporting one or more chronic diseases | 450 | 267 | 110 |
| Number of persons with a chronic disease per HH [mean(SE)] | 1.2 (0.5) | 1.2 (0.5) | 1.1 (0.5) |
| HH located less than 30 min for public health facility (%) | 71.3*, ◊◊ | 71.0 | 75.6 |
| HH located less than 30 min for private health facility (%) | 50.1◊◊ | 52.8**,◊◊◊ | 47.3 |
| HH located in urban region (%) | 62.9*** | 51.4 | 58.9**,◊◊◊ |
| HH with fewer than 3 persons per room (%) (overcrowding) | 84.6** | 90.7 | 96.6 |
| Economic level | * | **,◊◊ | **,◊◊◊ |
| A (wealthy) | 25.5 | 29.9 | 16.7 |
| B (middle) | 44.7 | 47.1 | 53.4 |
| C (poor) | 29.8 | 23.0 | 29.9 |
| HH head is female (%) | 61.1** | 32.8 | 35.4 |
| HH head can read and write in Spanish (%) | 79.7◊◊ | 75.5 | 85.3 |
| Age of the head of household [mean (SE)] | 52.4 (15) | 54.7 (15) | 51.2 (15) |
| HH head not an ethnic minority (%) | 84.9 | 84.9◊◊ | 93.6◊◊ |
| HH head educational level | ** | ***,◊ | |
| None or less than primary school (%) | 53.4 | 57.0 | 37.4 |
| Primary school (%) | 30.9 | 24.1 | 27.7 |
| Secondary school and more (%) | 15.7 | 18.9 | 34.9 |
| Head of the household is employed (%) | 25.9 | 27.1 | 25.0◊◊ |
| Head of the household is retired (%) | 12.4***,◊◊ | 13.5 | 10.3◊ |
| HH health insurance (%) | 21.8* | 14.8 | 22.4***,◊◊ |
| HH health insurance that cover all medicines (%) | 8.6◊◊ | 8.6 | 14.3◊◊ |
| Perceptions | |||
| Geographic location of public health facility is good (%) | 61.4***,◊◊ | 66.1 | 60.6◊◊ |
| Working time of public health facility is good (%) | 57.8 | 69.9 | 64.0 |
| Working time of the pharmacy at public health facility is good (%) | 56.2 | 68.9 | 69.2 |
| Quality of the health care at public health facility is good (%) | 51.5*** | 64.5 | 45.1* |
| Quality of the medicines at public health facility is good (%) | 61.1* | 68.1 | 56.6 |
Sought health care in the health system ***p <0.01, **p <0.05, *p <0.1
Full access to medicines ◊◊◊ p <0.01, ◊◊ p <0.05, ◊ p <0.1