Table 1.
Survey Respondents and Position Group Demographic Characteristics
| No. (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | OL | DL | RB | LB | DB | ST | TE | WR | QB | p valuea | Fa | |
| Total respondents | 730 | 128 (17.5) | 102 (14.0) | 71 (9.7) | 110 (15.1) | 122 (16.7) | 30 (4.1) | 42 (5.8) | 85 (11.6) | 40 (5.5) | ||
| Freshmen | 229 | 34 (14.8) | 33 (14.4) | 28 (12.2) | 32 (14.0) | 35 (15.3) | 16 (7.0) | 10 (4.4) | 27 (11.8) | 14 (6.1) | 0.30 | 1.20 |
| Sophomores | 162 | 31 (19.1) | 23 (14.2) | 13 (8.0) | 30 (18.5) | 26 (16.0) | 5 (3.1) | 11 (6.8) | 13 (8.0) | 10 (6.2) | ||
| Juniors | 189 | 33 (17.5) | 22 (11.6) | 16 (8.5) | 29 (15.3) | 36 (19.0) | 6 (3.2) | 15 (7.9) | 26 (13.8) | 6 (3.2) | ||
| Seniors | 133 | 23 (17.3) | 22 (16.5) | 14 (10.5) | 14 (10.5) | 24 (18.0) | 3 (2.3) | 6 (4.5) | 17 (12.8) | 10 (7.5) | ||
| Fifth-year seniors | 17 | 7 (41.2) | 2 (11.8) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (19.4) | 1 (5.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (11.8) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Mean (SD) | p valuea | Fa | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at time of survey (years) | 19.86 (1.49) | 20.06 (1.51) | 19.94 (1.55) | 19.73 (1.60) | 19.77 (1.39) | 19.80 (1.39) | 19.27 (1.31) | 19.76 (1.34) | 19.99 (1.59) | 19.93 (1.61) | 0.32 | 1.17 |
| Age started contact football (years) | 9.71 (2.97) | 10.63 (2.77) | 10.20 (3.18) | 9.19 (2.77) | 9.19 (2.82) | 8.88 (2.92) | 11.93 (2.85) | 9.62 (2.92) | 9.33 (2.88) | 9.55 (2.66) | <0.001b | 6.44 |
| Duration of contact football career (years) | 10.19 (3.03) | 9.61 (3.00) | 9.57 (2.93) | 10.34 (2.99) | 10.68 (2.95) | 11.05 (2.83) | 7.40 (2.81) | 10.05 (3.26) | 10.77 (2.99) | 10.38 (2.61) | <0.001c | 6.72 |
a
p values reflect differences in outcomes between position groups based on one-way analysis of variance.
b
Age started full-contact football significant positional differences from Tukey's post-hoc tests: ST>(TE, QB, WR, RB, LB, DB).
c
Duration of contact football career significant positional differences from Tukey's post-hoc tests: DB>(OL, DL, ST); ST<(OL, DL, RB, LB, DB, TE, WR, QB).
OL, offensive linemen; DL, defensive linemen; RB, running backs; DB, defensive backs; ST, special teams; TE, tight end; WR, wide receiver; QB, quarterback; SD, standard deviation.