Table 1.
Structural parameters of cortex fruit tissue of apple and pear genotypes (mean ± standard deviation). A large amount of cells and voids were isolated and measured in 4 samples for each genotype. Different letters indicate differences at 5 % significance level
| Parameter | ‘Braeburn’ | ‘Kanzi’ | ‘Jonagold’ | ‘Conference’ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Porosity (%) | 18.4 ± 4.4 (ab) | 12.1 ± 3.0 (b) | 25.4 ± 2.6 (a) | 5.7 ± 1.4 (c) |
| Cell volume (mm3) | 0.0045 ± 0.0004 (a) | 0.0030 ± 0.0007 (b) | 0.0052 ± 0.0004 (a) | 0.0023 ± 0.0007 (b) |
| Cell surface/volume (mm2 mm−3) | 16.27 ± 0.93 (ab) | 22.0 ± 4.3 (a) | 18.9 ± 1.4 (a) | 12.1 ± 1.6 (b) |
| Equivalent spherical diameter (μm) | 196.6 ± 7.0 (a) | 172 ± 13 (b) | 209.7 ± 3.5 (a) | 159 ± 17 (b) |
| Cell count (mm−3) | 181 ± 20 (b) | 293 ± 82 (ab) | 142 ± 8 (b) | 411 ± 107 (a) |
| Cell elongation (-) | 1.52 ± 0.07 | 1.72 ± 0.18 | 1.54 ± 0.02 | 1.52 ± 0.06 |
| Cell-to-void area (relative to cell surface) (%) | 37.0 ± 4.0 (a) | 34.4 ± 3.7 (ab) | 41.7 ± 4.3 (a) | 21.8 ± 9.9 (b) |
| Void volume (mm3) | 0.0019 ± 0.0008 (b) | 0.0006 ± 0.0004 (c) | 0.0047 ± 0.0003 (a) | 0.00005 ± 0.00001 (c) |
| Void surface/volume (mm2 mm−3) | 66 ± 14 (bc) | 104 ± 28 (b) | 50.3 ± 4.1 (c) | 204 ± 18 (a) |
| Void equivalent spherical diameter (μm) | 100 ± 11 (b) | 71 ± 16 (c) | 139 ± 12 (a) | 39.4 ± 1.8 (d) |
| Weighted void count (mm−3) | 77 ± 24 (b) | 220 ± 120 (b) | 28.0 ± 2.5 (b) | 540 ± 190 (a) |
| Void elongation (-) | 2.36 ± 0.46 | 3.23 ± 0.85 | 2.07 ± 0.21 | 2.17 ± 0.14 |
| Void shape factor | 2.032 ± 0.029 (ab) | 2.12 ± 0.15 (ab) | 2.29 ± 0.11 (a) | 1.94 ± 0.15 (b) |
| Branching number | 950 ± 330 (c) | 2410 ± 760 (b) | 570 ± 230 (c) | 5500 ± 3200 (a) |
| Total void path length (mm mm−3) | 28 ± 13 (b) | 84 ± 35 (a) | 13.1 ± 7.5 (b) | 100 ± 32 (a) |
| Void anisotropy (-) | 0.241 ± 0.097 (b) | 0.39 ± 0.13 (ab) | 0.468 ± 0.033 (a) | 0.226 ± 0.072 (b) |
| Fragmentation index (mm−1) | 22.3 ± 7.0 (b) | 44.9 ± 13.9 (b) | 6.5 ± 5.4 (c) | 82.3 ± 8.5 (a) |
| Oxygen diffusion coefficient (10−9 m2 s−1)a | 1.73 ± 0.5 (b) | 2.73 ± 1.59 (b) | 10.1 ± 5.2 (a) | 0.28 ± 0.15 (c) |
aHo et al. (2010); Verboven et al. (2008)