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. 2015 Oct 31;4:659. doi: 10.1186/s40064-015-1453-1

Table 3.

Soil parameters

Friction coefficient Soil density (kg/m3) Buried depth to top of pipe (m) Friction angle (degree) Yield displacement factor Overburden compaction multiplier Thermal expansion coefficient (L/L/ °C)
0.4 2400 1.20 30 0.015 5 11.214 × 10−6