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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Free Radic Biol Med. 2015 Jun 9;88(0 0):314–336. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.036

Table I.

Age-related change of GST expression and activity

Marker Change Cell or tissue Species Age Reference
GST activity Decrease Skeletal muscle Human [93]
GST activity Decrease Lymphocytes Human 50–60 y vs. 20–30 y [65]
GST activity Decrease Gastric mucosa Human 19–63 y [129]
GST activity Unchanged Erythrocytes Human 1 mo–63 y [134]
GST activity Decrease Liver Rat 20 mo vs. 2 mo [130]
GST activity Down by 70%, recovered by safranal Brain Rat 20 mo vs. 2 mo [73]
GST activity Increase Soleus muscle Rat 26 mo vs. 13 mo [135]
GST activity Increase Skeletal muscle and liver Rat 31 mo vs. 4 mo [70]
GST activity Decrease in cytosol, increase in mitochondria Liver Rat 31 mo vs. 4 mo [70]
GST activity Decrease by 4 times Liver Rat 22 mo vs. 3 mo [95]
GST D2 Increase - Fly 30d vs. 3d [85]
GST activity and GSTa protein GST activity is up by 5.6 folds, GSTa protein unchanged Liver Rat 21 mo vs. 1.5 mo [79]
Protein of GSTa and GSTp No change Lymphocytes Human 60–80 y vs. 20–40 y [131]
GST activity No change Liver Rat 26 mo vs. 6 mo [132]
GSTm2 mRNA Decreased Ovaries Mice 12 mo vs. 2–9 mo [111]
mRNA of GST isoenzymes m2 higher, m4 and p1 lower in male; t2 lower and a1 higher in female, others not changed Liver Mice 21 mo vs. 3 mo [133]
GST activity Unchanged Liver Rat 22 mo vs. 5 mo [71]