Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study population
| Lean Controls (n = 56) | Metabolically Healthy Obesity (n = 34) | Metabolic Syndrome (n = 85) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (males/females) | 30/26 | 16/18 | 42/43 | |
| Age, yr | 43 ± 1 | 44 ± 2 | 46 ± 2 | 0.09 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23 ± 1 | 35 ± 1* | 36 ± 1* | <0.001 |
| Waist, cm | 111 ± 3 | 113 ± 2 | 0.37 | |
| MAP, mmHg | 84 ± 1 | 94 ± 2* | 98 ± 2* | <0.001 |
| Glucose, mg/dl | 89 ± 2 | 93 ± 2 | 128 ± 6¶ | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 171 ± 4 | 167 ± 5 | 192 ± 4¶ | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 49 ± 2 | 51 ± 2 | 42 ± 1¶ | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dl | 90 ± 5 | 88 ± 6 | 172 ± 10¶ | <0.001 |
| Insulin, μU/ml | 18 ± 3 | 18 ± 2 | 0.81 |
Data are expressed as means ± SE.
BMI, body mass index; MAP, mean arterial pressure.
Comparisons were performed by 1-way analysis of variance, followed by Holm-Sidak test for pairwise multiple comparisons and unpaired t-test, as appropriate.
*
P < 0.01 vs. lean controls;
¶
P > 0.01 vs. both lean controls and healthy obesity.