Table 2.
Side-to-side differences (no-CAD versus CAS/CAO) of sonographic results in the CRA peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistive index (RI) and the optic nerve thicknesses optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and optic nerve diameter (OND). Significant findings in PSV for the total cohort (p = 0.007) and Group 3 (p = 0.005) and ONSD (p = 0.028) and OND (0.027) in Group 2. CAD: carotid artery disease; CAS: carotid stenosis; CAO: carotid artery occlusion, Group 1: CAS 50–79%; Group 2: CAS ≥ 80% or CAO with nonretrograde OA; Group 3: CAS ≥ 80% or CAO with retrograde OA; SD: standard deviation; CoV: coefficient of variation. Paired sample Wilcoxon sign rank test was used for intereye comparisons (no-CAD versus CAS/CAO).
| Total cohort | Stenosis groups | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | |||
| PSV m/s ± SD (CoV) |
N | 24 | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| No-CAD | 0.125 ± 0.030 (0.238) | 0.120 ± 0.029 (0.239) | 0.119 ± 0.018 (0.152) | 0.130 ± 0.035 (0.272) | |
| CAS/CAO | 0.105 ± 0.025 (0.241) | 0.116 ± 0.023 (0.195) | 0.109 ± 0.021 (0.191) | 0.098 ± 0.028 (0.287) | |
| p value | 0.007 | 0.893 | 0.463 | 0.005 | |
|
| |||||
| EDV m/s ± SD (CoV) |
N | 24 | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| No-CAD | 0.037 ± 0.017 (0.460) | 0.034 ± 0.010 (0.308) | 0.032 ± 0.009 (0.273) | 0.040 ± 0.022 (0.544) | |
| CAS/CAO | 0.034 ± 0.014 (0.413) | 0.038 ± 0.016 (0.434) | 0.033 ± 0.008 (0.225) | 0.032 ± 0.016 (0.491) | |
| p value | 0.493 | 0.463 | 0.917 | 0.147 | |
|
| |||||
| RI ±SD (CoV) |
N | 24 | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| No-CAD | 0.72 ± 0.08 (0.109) | 0.71 ± 0.06 (0.089) | 0.73 ± 0.04 (0.054) | 0.71 ± 0.10 (0.141) | |
| CAS/CAO | 0.69 ± 0.10 (0.145) | 0.68 ± 0.12 (0.176) | 0.70 ± 0.04 (0.052) | 0.68 ± 0.12 (0.170) | |
| p value | 0.063 | 0.416 | 0.093 | 0.307 | |
|
| |||||
| ONSD cm ± SD (CoV) |
N | 27 | 8 | 7 | 12 |
| No-CAD | 0.477 ± 0.060 (0.125) | 0.473 ± 0.066 (0.140) | 0.468 ± 0.045 (0.095) | 0.484 ± 0.066 (0.113) | |
| CAS/CAO | 0.480 ± 0.066 (0.138) | 0.465 ± 0.096 (0.207) | 0.500 ± 0.047 (0.093) | 0.478 ± 0.054 (0.113) | |
| p value | 0.471 | 1.000 | 0.028 | 0.937 | |
|
| |||||
| OND cm ± SD (CoV) |
N | 27 | 8 | 7 | 12 |
| No-CAD | 0.291 ± 0.045 (0.156) | 0.287 ± 0.059 (0.207) | 0.270 ± 0.037 (0.137) | 0.306 ± 0.037 (0.119) | |
| CAS/CAO | 0.300 ± 0.042 (0.141) | 0.295 ± 0.059 (0.199) | 0.304 ± 0.027 (0.089) | 0.300 ± 0.040 (0.134) | |
| p value | 0.275 | 0.726 | 0.027 | 0.929 | |