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. 2015 Nov 2;5:15952. doi: 10.1038/srep15952

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(a) 2D N/N AGE of BglI-digested HPV18wt episomes extracted from U2OS cells 2, 3 or 5 days post-transfection. 1n, monomeric (8-kbp) linear molecules; 2n, dimeric (16-kbp) linear molecules. Black arrowhead, putative almost fully replicated, late theta RIs; black arrow, dY RIs arising via bidirectional theta replication; white arrows, non-theta molecules. The direction of the gel electrophoresis in the first (1D) and second (2D) dimension is indicated in the top left corner of the panel. (b) A schematic overview of possible RIs created following the digestion of circular molecules undergoing bidirectional theta replication and their migration patterns during 2D N/N AGE³⁹. The approximate position of the origin of bidirectional theta replication is marked as ori¹³. (c) The position of the BglI restriction site in the HPV18wt genome with regard to the origin of bidirectional theta replication (ori).