Table 2.

Secondary thoracic complications of rheumatoid arthritis.

Cause	Disease
Drug reaction and toxicities	Methotrexate [55,57] Subacute hypersensitivity pneumonitis Non-specific interstitial pneumonia Acute interstitial pneumonitis Pulmonary nodulosis d-penicillamine [58] Obliterative bronchiolitis Obstructive airway dysfunction Leflunomide [18,19] Acute interstitial pneumonitis Progression or exacerbation of preexisting interstitial lung disease Sulphasalazine [58] Eosinophilic pneumonia Rituximab [58] Non-specific interstitial pneumonitis Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia Diffuse alveolar damage Anti-TNF-α agents [56,59,60] Acute interstitial pneumonitis Non-specific interstitial pneumonitis Pulmonary nodulosis Interstitial lung disease with granulomatous component Pleuropericarditis Adenopathy with non-necrotizing granulomas Pulmonary fibrosis
Opportunistic infection	Pulmonary tuberculosis Atypical mycobacterial infection Nocardiosis Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis Histoplastomosis Coccidioidomycosis Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis