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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychiatr Serv. 2015 Jul 1;66(11):1173–1179. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201400504

Table 1.

Characteristics of study sample at 6-month follow-up

Control Group (n=12) VR-JIT Group (n=39) χ 2 T df p

N % N %
Demographics
 Age (M±SD) 49.1±10.9 47.0±12.4 0.5 49 n.s
 Gender (% male) 6 50% 29 74% 2.5 1 n.s
 Parental education (M±SD) 12.8±3.5 13.5±2.7 −0.7 49 n.s
 Race n.s
  % Caucasian 5 42% 13 33% n.s
  % African-American 6 50% 25 64% 1.3 1 n.s
  % other 1 8% 1 3% n.s
Vocational history n.s
 Months since prior employment (M±SD) 31.8±41.9 44.8±53.5 −0.8 49 n.s
 Prior full-time employment (%) 10 83% 35 90% 0.3 1 n.s
 Prior paid employment (any type) (%) 12 100% 38 97% 0.3 1 n.s
 Prior/current enrollment in vocational training 5 42% 13 33% 0.3 1 n.s
Cognitive function n.s
 Neurocognition (M±SD)a 91.2±10.0 91.9±16.9 −0.1 49 n.s
 Basic social cognition (M±SD)b .69±.14 .70±.14 −0.2 49 n.s
 Advanced social cognition (M±SD)c .78±.10 .78±.09 −0.2 49 n.s
Clinical history n.s
 Posttraumatic stress disorder 8 67% 15 39% 2.9 1 .09
 Major depressive disorder 6 50% 18 46% 0.1 1 n.s
 Bipolar disorder 4 25% 13 33% 0.5 1 n.s
 Schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder 1 8% 7 18% 0.6 1 n.s
a

Neurocognition index scores ranged from 0 to 160 with higher scores indicating higher neurocognition;

b

Basic social cognition scores ranged from 0 to 1.0 with higher scores indicating higher basic social cognition;

c

Advanced social cognition scores ranged from 0 to 1.0 with higher scores indicating higher advanced social cognition.