Table 1.

Dysregulated microRNAs in chordoma

miRNA	Expression	Target gene(s)	Function and/or pathway involvement in chordoma	Reference
miR1	Downregulated	MET, HDAC4	Inhibit chordoma cell growth and proliferation	Duan Z et al., 2014 [40]
miR-149-3p	Downregulated	MAP, PKA	Tumor suppressor, MAPK pathway-related gene	Long C et al. 2013 [39]
miR-663a, miRNA-1908, miRNA-2861	Downregulated	TGFB,JUND	Tumor suppressor, MAPK pathway-related gene	Long C et al. 2013 [39]
miR-3185	Downregulated	FGF, CNrasGEF	Tumor suppressor, MAPK pathway-related gene	Long C et al. 2013 [39]
miR-762	Downregulated	NCX1, PMCA1, NCKX4	loss of calcification	Long C et al. 2013 [39]
miR-1228	Downregulated	MOAP1, BMP2K	loss of osteoblast differentiation	Long C et al. 2013 [39]
miR-2861	Downregulated	BMP	BMP-induced osteoblastogenesis	Long C et al. 2013 [39]
miR-222	Downregulated	NA	Decrease epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cell migration and invasion	Bayrak, O.F. et al. 2013 [42]
miR-31	Downregulated	c-MET	Apoptotic effect on chordoma cells	Bayrak, O.F. et al. 2013 [42]
miR-608	Downregulated	EGFR/Bcl-xL	Tumor suppressor	Zhang, Y.et al. 2014 [44]
miR-34a	Downregulated	MET	Tumor suppressor, deregulated RTKs	Zhang, Y. et al. 2014 [44]
miR-155	Upregulated	NA	Regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, angiogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition;c correlating with advanced disease stage and the present metastasis	Zhang, Y.et al. 2014 [44]
miR-1237-3p	Downregulated	MMP-2	Chordoma invasion and prognosis	Zou, M.X. et al. 2015 [46]