Table 2.
Association between markers of CKD and moderate DR in the study population.
| n (cases) | Prevalence of moderate DR, % | Age, sex adjusted | Multivariable | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1119 (115) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI)* | ||
| eGFRcr | ||||
| ≥60 | 991 (81) | 8.2 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| <60 | 128 (34) | 26.6 | 4.33 (2.66–7.04) | 5.21 (2.94–9.21) |
| eGFRcys | ||||
| ≥60 | 894 (68) | 7.6 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| <60 | 225 (47) | 20.9 | 3.75 (2.37–5.93) | 5.27 (3.08–9.02) |
| Albuminuria | ||||
| No | 680 (39) | 5.7 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| Yes | 324 (76) | 23.4 | 4.05 (2.69–6.10) | 2.50 (1.58–3.96) |
| CKD | ||||
| None by all | 581 (24) | 4.1 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| Any 1 marker | 379 (48) | 12.7 | 3.59 (2.15–6.01) | 2.33 (1.33–4.11) |
| Any 2 markers | 103 (20) | 19.4 | 7.31 (3.66–14.60) | 8.00 (3.72–17.17) |
| All 3 markers | 56 (23) | 41.1 | 19.66 (9.68–39.91) | 13.63 (6.08–30.54) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SD, standard deviation.
*Model adjusted for age (years), gender (men, women), body mass index (kg/m2), systolic blood pressure (mm Hg), HbA1c (%) and diabetes duration (years).