Table 4. The effect of depression on lower urinary tract symptoms irrespective of prostate volume state in subjects with prostate volume data (n = 1,925).
| Depression (BDI score) | Moderate-severe LUTS | Moderate-severe voiding symptoms | Moderate-severe storage symptoms | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | P value | No. (%) | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | P value | No. (%) | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | P value | |
| None (0-13) | 957 (53) | 1.00 | 931 (52) | 1.00 | 816 (46) | 1.00 | |||
| Mild (14-19) | 78 (77) | 3.29 (2.03-5.35) | < 0.001 | 74 (73) | 2.73 (1.73-4.31) | < 0.001 | 67 (66) | 2.63 (1.70-4.06) | <0.001 |
| Moderate to Severe (20-63) | 24 (77) | 2.84 (1.20-6.72) | 0.018 | 22 (71) | 2.11 (0.96-4.67) | 0.065 | 20 (65) | 2.00 (0.93-4.28) | 0.074 |
*Multivariate logistic regression was performed after adjustment for age, smoking, alcohol consumption amount and prostate volume. LUTS, lower urinary tract symptoms; BDI, Beck depression inventory; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.