Table 4. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma according to family history of other types of cancer in first-degree relatives*.
| Family history of cancer | First-degree relatives |
Parents |
Siblings |
Offspring |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case (N = 619) | Control (n = 772) | OR (95% CI) | Case (N = 619) | Control (n = 772) | OR (95% CI) | Case (N = 602) | Control (n = 730) | OR (95% CI) | Case (N = 590) | Control (n = 732) | OR (95% CI) | ||
| All cancers combined | |||||||||||||
| No | 238 | 358 | Reference | 340 | 499 | Reference | 401 | 516 | Reference | 575 | 701 | Reference | |
| Yes | 344 | 360 | 1.43(1.13–1.81) | 234 | 223 | 1.46(1.14–1.87) | 181 | 189 | 1.32(1.02–1.72) | 8 | 20 | 0.57(0.24–1.35) | |
| Digestive tract cancer† | |||||||||||||
| No | 273 | 420 | Reference | 364 | 538 | Reference | 421 | 553 | Reference | 576 | 709 | Reference | |
| Yes | 304 | 293 | 1.55(1.23–1.96) | 206 | 181 | 1.57(1.22–2.03) | 158 | 148 | 1.52(1.15–2.00) | 7 | 12 | 0.74(0.28–1.97) | |
| Stomach | |||||||||||||
| No | 470 | 611 | Reference | 506 | 667 | Reference | 532 | 656 | Reference | 583 | 720 | Reference | |
| Yes | 82 | 79 | 1.36(0.96–1.92) | 53 | 45 | 1.57(1.01–2.43) | 38 | 40 | 1.18(0.73–1.92) | 0 | 1 | – | |
| Liver | |||||||||||||
| No | 473 | 601 | Reference | 524 | 677 | Reference | 532 | 647 | Reference | 577 | 713 | Reference | |
| Yes | 72 | 83 | 1.09(0.76–1.55) | 33 | 33 | 1.20(0.71–2.03) | 36 | 50 | 0.89(0.56–1.42) | 6 | 8 | 0.95(0.31–2.88) | |
| Pancreas | |||||||||||||
| No | 524 | 673 | Reference | 550 | 707 | Reference | 561 | 691 | Reference | 583 | 721 | Reference | |
| Yes | 12 | 8 | 2.03(0.79–5.20) | 7 | 4 | 2.82(0.76–10.54) | 5 | 5 | 1.20(0.34–4.24) | 0 | 0 | – | |
| Colorectum | |||||||||||||
| No | 516 | 662 | Reference | 545 | 702 | Reference | 557 | 687 | Reference | 583 | 720 | Reference | |
| Yes | 21 | 19 | 1.33(0.69–2.58) | 12 | 8 | 1.72(0.68–4.37) | 9 | 10 | 1.20(0.46–3.11) | 0 | 1 | – | |
*Adjusted for age (continuous), family size (continuous), sex, education (Illiteracy/primary school/primary high school/secondary high school and above), tobacco smoking (never/ever smoker of any tobacco), alcohol drinking (never/ever), missing & filled teeth (MFT, none/1 ~ 4/ ≥ 4), times of tooth brushing per day (<2 times/ ≥ 2 times), daily consumption of pickled vegetables (<10 g/ ≥ 10 g) and daily consumption of fresh fruits (<27.5 g/ ≥ 27.5 g).
†Digestive tract cancer includes esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, pancreas cancer and colorectum cancer.