Fig. 1.

AQP4 deficiency aggravated cognitive impairment in 12 month-old APP/PS1 mice. a The mean escape latency, and b swimming speed during the hidden platform training period of the Morris water maze test. c Tracings of the typical swim patterns. d The percentage of time spent in the target quadrant. e The number of crossing the platform area. f The percentage of time spent in the novel arm. g The number of entries into the novel arm in the Y-maze. Data represent mean ± SEM from 9 to 11 mice (6–8 female, and 3–5 male) per group. Data in Fig. 1a and b were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA with post hoc Student-Newman-Keuls test, *P < 0.05, AQP4^−/−APP/PS1 mice vs APP/PS1 mice; #P < 0.05, APP/PS1 mice vs WT mice; ^P < 0.05, AQP4^−/− mice vs WT mice. Data in Fig. 1d-g were analyzed by ANOVA with post hoc Student-Newman-Keuls test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001