Table 3.
Cox Proportional Hazard Ratio for the Risk Using the Frailty Index and the Prognostic Scores
| Model 1. Each score adjusted by age and sex | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Score | Died in 30 d versus survived 300+ days (n = 27 vs 95) | |||||
| B | Exp (B) | Wald | 95% CI | p | ||
| Lower | Upper | |||||
| GCS | −0.24 | 0.78 | 27.42 | 0.72 | 0.86 | <0.001 |
| KS | −0.07 | 0.93 | 32.74 | 0.91 | 0.96 | <0.001 |
| PPS | −0.07 | 0.94 | 34.52 | 0.91 | 0.96 | <0.001 |
| APS | 0.05 | 1.05 | 50.75 | 1.04 | 1.07 | <0.001 |
| APACHE II | 0.15 | 1.17 | 29.55 | 1.10 | 1.23 | <0.001 |
| APACHE IV | 0.05 | 1.05 | 50.75 | 1.04 | 1.07 | <0.001 |
| Chronic FI (23 items) | 0.06 | 1.06 | 23.98 | 1.04 | 1.09 | <0.001 |
| Acute FI (31 items) | 0.09 | 1.09 | 36.42 | 1.06 | 1.13 | <0.001 |
| All-factor FI (52 items) | 0.10 | 1.11 | 34.13 | 1.07 | 1.15 | <0.001 |
| Model 2. Each score, adjusted by age, sex, and the frailty index | ||||||
| Models | Died in 30 d versus survived 300+ days (n = 27 vs 95) | |||||
| B | Exp (B) | Wald | 95% CI | p | ||
| Lower | Upper | |||||
| Age | −0.02 | 0.98 | 0.61 | 0.94 | 1.03 | 0.435 |
| Sex | 0.03 | 1.03 | 0.00 | 0.28 | 3.81 | 0.960 |
| GCS | −0.07 | 0.93 | 1.34 | 0.82 | 1.05 | 0.247 |
| All-factor FI (52 items) | 0.09 | 1.09 | 19.12 | 1.05 | 1.14 | 0.000 |
| Age | −0.02 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.93 | 1.02 | 0.316 |
| Sex | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.28 | 3.66 | 0.994 |
| KS | −0.05 | 0.95 | 13.79 | 0.92 | 0.97 | 0.000 |
| All-factor FI (52 items) | 0.05 | 1.05 | 6.55 | 1.01 | 1.10 | 0.011 |
| Age | −0.03 | 0.97 | 1.32 | 0.93 | 1.02 | 0.251 |
| Sex | 0.04 | 1.04 | 0.00 | 0.28 | 3.79 | 0.954 |
| PPS | −0.05 | 0.95 | 16.26 | 0.92 | 0.97 | 0.000 |
| All-factor FI (52 items) | 0.05 | 1.05 | 7.24 | 1.01 | 1.10 | 0.007 |
| Age | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.03 | 0.95 | 1.04 | 0.868 |
| Sex | −0.15 | 0.86 | 0.06 | 0.24 | 3.09 | 0.813 |
| APS | 0.03 | 1.03 | 6.72 | 1.01 | 1.05 | 0.010 |
| All-factor FI (52 items) | 0.06 | 1.06 | 5.07 | 1.01 | 1.11 | 0.024 |
| Age | −0.02 | 0.98 | 0.65 | 0.94 | 1.03 | 0.419 |
| Sex | −0.14 | 0.87 | 0.04 | 0.23 | 3.32 | 0.842 |
| APACHE-II | 0.05 | 1.05 | 1.88 | 0.98 | 1.14 | 0.170 |
| All-factor FI (52 items) | 0.08 | 1.09 | 14.09 | 1.04 | 1.14 | 0.000 |
| Age | −0.02 | 0.99 | 0.47 | 0.94 | 1.03 | 0.494 |
| Sex | −0.13 | 0.88 | 0.04 | 0.24 | 3.16 | 0.840 |
| Apache-IV | 0.03 | 1.03 | 7.01 | 1.01 | 1.06 | 0.008 |
| All-factor FI (52 items) | 0.05 | 1.06 | 4.64 | 1.00 | 1.11 | 0.031 |
| Age | −0.01 | 0.99 | 0.07 | 0.95 | 1.04 | 0.794 |
| Sex | −0.17 | 0.85 | 0.06 | 0.22 | 3.23 | 0.806 |
| Chronic FI (23 items) | −0.03 | 0.97 | 1.22 | 0.92 | 1.02 | 0.269 |
| All-factor FI (52 items) | 0.13 | 1.14 | 15.97 | 1.07 | 1.22 | 0.000 |
| Age | −0.01 | 0.99 | 0.11 | 0.95 | 1.04 | 0.739 |
| Sex | −0.11 | 0.90 | 0.02 | 0.24 | 3.42 | 0.877 |
| Acute FI (31 items) | 0.03 | 1.03 | 0.64 | 0.96 | 1.09 | 0.424 |
| All-factor FI (52 items) | 0.08 | 1.08 | 4.59 | 1.01 | 1.16 | 0.032 |
Notes: APACHE = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; APS = Acute Physiology Score; CI = Confidence Interval; FI = the 52-item all-factor frailty index; GCS = Glasgow Coma Scale; KS = Karnofsky Scale; PPS = Palliative Performance Scale; p = level of Significance.