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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 3.
Published in final edited form as: Gastroenterology. 2010 Mar 27;139(1):323–34.e7. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.03.052

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Kupffer cell–derived IL-1β promotes HSC activation. (A–D) HSCs isolated from WT, TLR9−/−, and IL-1R−/− mice were stimulated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β for 8 hours to measure mRNA expression of TIMP1 (A), PAI-1 (B), collagen (C), and Bambi (D) by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), and for 24 hours to determine TIMP1 expression in the supernatant by Western blot (A). (E) Kupffer cell–conditioned medium (Kup-CM) was prepared by treating Kupffer cells with 5 μg/mL CpG-ODN or non–CpG-ODN for 24 hours. Then, WT, TLR9−/−, and IL-1R−/− HSCs were treated with Kup-CM for 8 hours to determine mRNA expression of fibrogenic markers by qPCR (E, left) and for 24 hours to determine TIMP1 protein expression in the supernatant (E, right). Data represent mean ± SD; *P < .05, **P < .01; n.s., not significant.