Table 2. Comparison of the positive rate of childhood cases in the developed region with adult cases in the developed region and childhood cases in the developing region.
| Pathogen | Children in Developed region (n = 1422) | Adults in Developed region a (n1 = 1047; n2 = 507) | Children in Developing region (n = 755) | P value of comparison between the childhood and adult cases in the developed regions | P value of comparison between the childhood cases in the developed and developing regions | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of positive | positive rate(%) | No. of positive | positive rate(%) | No. of isolates | positive rate(%) | P | P (Adjust by season) | P | P (Adjust by age) | P (Adjust by season) | ||
| Bacteria | 198 | 13.92 | 186 | 17.77 | 220 | 29.14 | 0.009 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
| Salmonella | 61 | 4.29 | 35 | 3.34 | 40 | 5.30 | 0.229 | 0.369 | 0.287 | 0.357 | 0.297 | |
| Shigella | 3 | 0.21 | 15 | 1.43 | 128 | 16.95 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
| DEC | 128 | 9.00 | 111 | 10.60 | 54 | 7.15 | 0.184 | 0.824 | 0.138 | 0.044 | 0.111 | |
| EAggEC | 50 | 3.52 | 18 | 1.72 | 22 | 2.91 | 0.007 | 0.000 | 0.455 | 0.161 | 0.320 | |
| EPEC | 64 | 4.50 | 22 | 2.10 | 27 | 3.58 | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.305 | 0.291 | 0.367 | |
| ETEC | 5 | 0.35 | 65 | 6.21 | 2 | 0.26 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.734 | 0.741 | 0.749 | |
| EIEC | 5 | 0.35 | 5 | 0.48 | 1 | 0.13 | 0.626 | 0.665 | 0.353 | 0.290 | 0.294 | |
| STEC | 5 | 0.35 | 1 | 0.10 | 2 | 0.26 | 0.201 | 0.145 | 0.734 | 0.606 | 0.700 | |
| Vibrio b | 1 | 0.07 | 25 | 2.39 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.466 | 0.541 | 0.471 | |
| Yersinia c | 7 | 0.49 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.26 | 0.023 | 0.014 | 0.431 | 0.230 | 0.539 | |
| Campylobacter d | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.13 | - | - | 0.170 | 0.102 | 0.166 | |
| Aeromonas hydrophila | 7 | 0.49 | 7 | 0.67 | 27 | 3.58 | 0.564 | 0.651 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
| Plesimonas shigelloides | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.29 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.043 | 0.062 | - | - | - | |
| Virus | 469 | 32.98 | 120 | 23.67 | - | - | 0.000 | 0.010 | ||||
| Rotavirus e | 179 | 12.59 | 21 | 4.14 | - | - | 0.000 | 0.001 | ||||
| Norovirus | 139 | 9.77 | 57 | 11.24 | - | - | 0.314 | 0.248 | ||||
| Sapovirus | 64 | 4.50 | 20 | 3.74 | - | - | 0.626 | 0.755 | ||||
| Astrovirus | 48 | 3.38 | 25 | 4.93 | - | - | 0.106 | 0.039 | ||||
| Adenovirus | 93 | 6.54 | 4 | 0.79 | - | - | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||
a: n1: Total number of cases detecting bacteria; n2:Number of cases detecting virus and bacteria both.
b: Vibrio cholera and Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
c: Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.
d: Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli.
e: All of the positive cases were Rotavirus Group A.