Table 5.
Key Child outcomes | Child outcome measured by: | Empirical basis for testing |
---|---|---|
Auditory Memory | 1. Digit Span fwd (WISC) 2. Story memory (CMS) |
Fried et al (1992a; 1992b) McCartney et al (1994) Roy et al. (2002) |
| ||
Visual Memory | 1. Faces memory (CMS) 2. Spatial Span Fwd (WISC) |
Cornelius et al (2001) Roy et al. (2002) |
| ||
Executive Function (EF) | 1. Cognitive flexibility (DKEFS) 2. Verbal Fluency (DKEFS) 3. Interference Cntrl (DKEFS) |
Willcutt et al (2000) Arnsten (1998) Cabeza & Nyberg (1997) |
4. Response Inhibition (Logan) | Fried et al (1992a; 1992b) | |
5. Working Memory: Digit Span Bkwd (WISC) 6. Working Memory: Spatial Span Bkwd (WISC) |
Fried et al (1992a; 1992b) McCartney et al (1994) Roy et al. (2002) |
|
| ||
Reading & Receptive language | 1. Receptive vocab (PPVT-III) 2. Receptive lang (CELF-4) |
Makin et al (1991) Fried et al (1992a; 1992b) Bauman et al (1991) McCartney et al (1994) |
3. Single-word reading (WJ-III) 4. Nonword reading (WJ-III) 5. Reading compreh (GORT) 6. Reading Fluency (GORT) |
Bauman et al (1991) McCartney et al (1994) Fried et al. (1997) |
|
| ||
Attention Deficit Hyperactive Didorder (ADHD) | 1. DSM-IV symptom ct or dx 2. Conners’ Rating Form 3. Achenbach series: CBCL/TRF 4. SWAN |
Fried et al (1992a; 1992b) D’Onofrio et al (2008) |
WISC: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Short Form); CMS: Children’s Memory Scale; DKEFS: Delis Kaplan Executive Function System; Logan: Logan Stop Task; PPVT-III: Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III; CELF-4: Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-Fourth Edition; WJ-III: Woodcock Johnson-III; GORT: Gray Oral Reading Test – Fourth edition; CBCL: Child Behavior Checklist; TRF: Teacher’s Report Form; SWAN: Strengths and Weaknesses of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Normal Behavior Scale