TABLE 2.

Stimulation of βarr1 or βarr2 recruitment by antagonists and partial agonists analyzed in the split-luciferase assay

Ligand activities were normalized to (R)-ISO (100%), and statistical significance was determined compared with values from the solvent control (two-way analysis of variance with the Bonferroni post-test).

Ligand	Stimulation βarr1	Stimulation βarr2	Significance βarr1	Significance βarr2
		%	%
(R)-ISO	100.0	100.0	P < 0.001	P < 0.001
Timolol	0.22	0.17	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Nadolol	0.10	−0.02	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Labetalol	0.16	0.10	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Metoprolol	−0.33	−0.10	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Nebivolol	0.09	0.06	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Alprenolol	0.09	−0.04	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Atenolol	−0.43	−0.30	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Sotalol	−0.34	−0.26	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Practolol	−0.25	−0.01	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Bisoprolol	−0.07	−0.14	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Xamoterol	−0.25	−0.16	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Betaxolol	−0.19	−0.21	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
(R)-Alprenolol	0.14	0.03	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
(R)-Propranolol	−0.06	−0.11	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
(S)-Propranolol	−0.02	−0.05	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
CGP 20712A	−0.37	−0.25	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
CGP 20712	−0.22	−0.06	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Pindolol	0.40	0.16	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Cyanopindolol	0.15	0.08	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Rac-CAR	−0.22	−0.31	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
(R)-CAR	−0.12	−0.18	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
(S)-CAR	−0.001	−0.22	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
ICI 118,551	−0.30	−0.24	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
CGP 12177	−0.23	0.06	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
ICI 215,001	−0.63	−0.12	P < 0.05	P > 0.05