Pgc-1α/β expression in response to acute treatment with high glucose, palmitate, and cAMP treatment in pancreatic islets. (A) qPCR of human islets treated for 1 h with glucose (Glu) and/or palmitate (Palm) (n = 4). (B) PGC-1α protein levels in primary islets from βPgc1 KO mice and wild-type floxed (WT fl/fl) littermates following 4 h of vehicle (DMSO) or forskolin treatment. (C) qPCR of primary islets (n = 10). (D) qPCR of peripheral tissues and brain nuclei (n = 10). Data are means ± SEM, *p < 0.05 and ***p < 0.001 compared to control (white bars). CNS – central nervous system, ns – non-specific band, loading control.