Table 2.
Outcomes stratified by method of diagnosis
Health-care worker instruction | Induction | OR (95% CI) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total patients starting treatment | 53/213 (25%) | 73/268 (27%) | 0.88 (0.57–1.36) | 0.56 |
| ||||
Diagnosis and treatment initiation based on smear microscopy | ||||
Patients treated | 13/53 (25%) | 22/73 (30%) | 0.75 (0.31–1.80) | 0.49 |
Median time to treatment (days) | 2 (2–6) | 3 (2–6) | 0.03 (0.00–27.15) | 0.68 |
| ||||
Diagnosis based on clinical and radiologcal presentation with empiric treatmlent initiation | ||||
Patients treated | 32/53 (60%) | 28/73 (38%) | 2.45 (1.12–5.40) | 0.015 |
Patients with HIV* | 18/32 (56%) | 17/28 (61%) | 0.83 (0.26–2.57) | 0.73 |
Patients without HIV | 14/32 (44%) | 11/28 (39%) | 1.20 (0.38–3.83) | 0.73 |
Median time to treatment (days) | 4 (1–9) | 7 (3–10) | 0.01 (0.00–4.01) | 0.15 |
| ||||
Diagnosis and treatment initiation based on culture | ||||
Patients treated based on sputum 1 culture result | 6/53 (11%) | 18/73 (25%) | 0.39 (0.12–1.14) | 0.060 |
Patients treated based on other (sputum 2 or non-sputum) culture results | 1/53 (2%) | 2/73 (3%) | 0.68 (0.01–13.47) | 0.76 |
Median time to treatment (days) | 34 (29–48) | 42 (20–56) | 0.26 (0.00–5.48) | 0.90 |
Culture-positive patients not given any tuberculosis treatment during study | 3/213 (1%) | 4/268 (2%) | 0.94 (0.14–5.61) | 0.93 |
One patient in the health-care worker instruction group and three in the sputum induction group were missing data for reason for treatment initiation.
Initiation of tuberculosis treatment was based on the 2007 WHO smear-negative diagnostic and treatment algorithm for HIV-positive ambulatory patients.