Table 2.
Inland | Lakeland | Coastland | P ANOVA | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
wt. % | |||||||
Plasma | |||||||
Mid-pregnancy | 2.25 | 0.46 | 2.45 a | 0.44 | 3.19 a | 0.65 | <0.001 |
Late pregnancy | 1.67 b | 0.35 | 1.95 a,b | 0.45 | 2.54 a,b | 0.60 | <0.001 |
Lactation | 1.68 b | 0.48 | 2.26 a,b | 0.53 | 2.24 a,b | 0.70 | <0.001 |
P ANOVA | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
Erythrocyte | |||||||
Mid-pregnancy | 5.85 | 1.06 | 6.34 a | 0.80 | 7.59 a | 1.46 | <0.001 |
Late pregnancy | 5.06 b | 1.25 | 6.23 a | 1.09 | 7.09 a,b | 1.93 | <0.001 |
Lactation | 5.20 b | 1.15 | 6.20 a | 0.92 | 6.07 a,b | 1.59 | <0.001 |
P ANOVA | <0.001 | 0.45 | <0.001 | ||||
μg/mL | |||||||
Plasma | |||||||
Mid-pregnancy | 93.4 | 25.2 | 86.2 a | 20.5 | 118.4 a | 30.8 | <0.001 |
Late pregnancy | 101.9 b | 33.1 | 110.1 a,b | 28.3 | 146.2 a,b | 45.1 | <0.001 |
Lactation | 60.5 b | 17.5 | 65.1 b | 20.9 | 75.7 a,b | 29.9 | <0.001 |
P ANOVA | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
Erythrocyte | |||||||
Mid-pregnancy | 108.0 | 22.1 | 103.2 a | 13.6 | 127.7 a | 27.2 | <0.001 |
Late pregnancy | 89.3 b | 25.2 | 106.6 a | 20.7 | 123.2 a | 37.5 | <0.001 |
Lactation | 91.4 b | 22.1 | 97.0 a,b | 19.7 | 99.3 a,b | 29.6 | <0.05 |
P ANOVA | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
ANOVA, analyses of variance. a: Mean values were significant different compared with women from inland within the same participant group (by t-test, p < 0.05); b: mean values were significant different compared with women in mid-pregnancy within the same region (by t-test).