Table 4.

Mean bacterial growth

	Mean cfu/mL
Skin disinfection (Chlorhexine 5 mg/mL in 70 % ethanol)	All		Men		Women
	36 °C	20 °C	36 °C	20 °C	36 °C	20 °C
	n = 106	n = 112	n = 62	n = 62	n = 44	n = 50
Before skin disinfection	2388	2687	3516	3734	825	1389
After skin disinfection	298	199	500	277	5	85
After incision (wound)	347	383	592	576	1	144
Before wound closure (wound)	973	1004	1570	1615	131	258

No statistically significant differences between preheated and room-temperature skin disinfectant within study groups at any time point evaluated for all patients as well as for men and women separately. Mann Whitney U test used as statistical method. Cultures showed that male had significantly more bacteria at all four time-points than females irrespectively of temperature. Mann Whitney U test used as statistical method

Bacterial growth, represented as mean cfu/mL, observed in cultures from patients who received preheated skin disinfectant compared with room-temperature skin disinfectant at the four perioperative time-points. Data were combined for the overall group and for males and females separately