Figure 9.

Gain of Toll signalling enhances GMR>Egr-induced cell death. Light micrographs of Drosophila adult eyes (a–j) and fluorescence micrographs of third-instar larval eye discs (a′–j′) are shown. Compared with control (a and a′), expression of Toll^10B, Pelle, a cactus RNAi or a weak Egr line (Egr^W) promotes little or mild cell death in eye discs and adult eyes (c–f and c′–f′). Co-expression of Egr^W with Toll^10B, Pelle or a cactus RNAi displays synergistic enhancement of cell death in eye discs and adult eyes (h–j and h′–j′). As a negative control, expression of LacZ neither triggers cell death by itself (b and b′) nor aggravates Egr^W-induced cell death (g and g′). (k) Statistical analysis of cell death in eye discs shown in (a′–j′). Average number of dying cells labelled by AO staining are counted. Error bars indicate standard deviation. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparison test was used to compute p-values, significance was indicated with asterisks (**p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, n = 10 in each group); n.s., not significant. (l) A model for the role of the Spz/Toll/NF-κB pathway in modulating Egr-triggered JNK-mediated cell death. See the electronic supplementary material for detailed genotypes.