Table 2.
Predictors of the absolute number or fraction of immune cells in patients with acute ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (univariate analysis; leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes).
| Immune Cell Subset | Leukocytes/nL (Mean ± SD) | p Value | Lymphocytes/nL (Mean ± SD) | p Value | Neutrophils/nL (Mean ± SD) | p Value | Monocytes/nL (Mean ± SD) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 7.9 ± 2.7 | - | 1.7 ± 0.5 | - | 5.4 ± 2.5 | - | 0.7 ± 0.3 | - |
| Female | 7.9 ± 2.6 | 0.76 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 0.24 | 5.5 ± 2.7 | 0.60 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.80 |
| Age, years | ||||||||
| <55 | 8.0 ± 3.2 | - | 2.0 ± 0.6 | - | 5.1 ± 3.1 | - | 0.6 ± 0.4 | - |
| 55–64 | 8.0 ± 2.2 | - | 1.7 ± 0.5 | - | 5.5 ± 1.9 | - | 0.6 ± 0.2 | - |
| 65–74 | 7.6 ± 2.2 | - | 1.7 ± 0.7 | - | 5.2 ± 1.9 | - | 0.7 ± 0.3 | - |
| 75–84 | 7.5 ± 2.3 | - | 1.5 ± 0.5 | - | 5.3 ± 2.3 | - | 0.6 ± 0.2 | - |
| >84 | 9.0 ± 4.5 | 0.85 | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 0.02 | 6.9 ± 4.7 | 0.63 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.71 |
| Disease modality | ||||||||
| AIS | 8.6 ± 2.9 | - | 1.7 ± 0.6 | - | 6.2 ± 2.8 | - | 0.6 ± 0.2 | - |
| TIA | 6.9 ± 1.9 | <0.001 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 0.36 | 4.4 ± 1.8 | <0.001 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.02 |
| Modified TOAST criteria | ||||||||
| Cardioembolism | 8.0 ± 2.9 | - | 1.6 ± 0.6 | - | 5.6 ± 2.9 | - | 0.6 ± 0.2 | - |
| Large-artery atherosclerosis | 7.1 ± 2.0 | - | 1.8 ± 0.4 | - | 4.6 ± 1.9 | - | 0.6 ± 0.1 | - |
| Small-vessel occlusion | 7.8 ± 2.1 | - | 1.8 ± 0.5 | - | 5.0 ± 1.9 | - | 0.7 ± 0.2 | - |
| Other determined or undetermined etiology | 7.7 ± 2.3 | 0.94 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 0.32 | 5.4 ± 2.2 | 0.91 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.80 |
| Duration between symptom onset and blood withdrawal, h | ||||||||
| <5 | 7.7 ± 2.2 | - | 1.6 ± 0.6 | - | 5.4 ± 2.2 | - | 0.6 ± 0.2 | - |
| 5–12 | 7.5 ± 2.4 | - | 1.7 ± 0.6 | - | 5.0 ± 2.2 | - | 0.6 ± 0.2 | - |
| 12–24 | 8.4 ± 2.3 | 0.14 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 0.63 | 6.3 ± 2.5 | 0.05 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.80 |
| National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale | ||||||||
| 0–4 | 7.4 ± 2.2 | - | 1.7 ± 0.6 | - | 4.8 ± 2.0 | - | 0.6 ± 0.2 | - |
| 5–9 | 8.5 ± 2.8 | - | 1.5 ± 0.4 | - | 6.2 ± 2.6 | - | 0.7 ± 0.3 | - |
| 10–15 | 8.8 ± 3.1 | - | 1.7 ± 0.7 | - | 6.3 ± 2.9 | - | 0.7 ± 0.3 | - |
| >15 | 9.6 ± 4.1 | 0.05 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 0.06 | 7.7 ± 4.4 | 0.007 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.88 |
| Barthel Index | ||||||||
| 0–30 | 9.7 ± 4.4 | - | 1.2 ± 0.6 | - | 7.7 ± 4.7 | - | 0.6 ± 0.2 | - |
| 35–70 | 8.5 ± 2.7 | - | 1.6 ± 0.5 | - | 6.1 ± 2.6 | - | 0.7 ± 0.3 | - |
| >70 | 6.9 ± 1.7 | 0.01 | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 0.048 | 4.3 ± 1.5 | 0.001 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.13 |
| Thrombolysis | ||||||||
| Yes | 8.6 ± 2.2 | - | 1.6 ± 0.4 | - | 6.2 ± 2.3 | - | 0.7 ± 0.3 | - |
| No | 7.6 ± 2.8 | 0.01 | 1.7 ± 0.7 | 0.99 | 5.1 ± 2.7 | 0.003 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.38 |
| Platelet inhibitor before blood withdrawal | ||||||||
| Yes | 8.0 ± 2.9 | - | 1.7 ± 0.6 | - | 5.6 ± 2.9 | - | 0.6 ± 0.2 | - |
| No | 7.6 ± 2.2 | 0.60 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 0.42 | 5.2 ± 2.0 | 0.83 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.81 |
AIS, acute ischemic stroke; TIA, transient ischemic stroke; TOAST, Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment.