Table 3.
Predictors of the absolute number or fraction of immune cells in patients with acute ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (univariate analysis; (CD4+CD8− T cells, CD8+CD4− T cells, FoxP3 Treg).
| Immune Cell Subset | CD4+CD8− Cells/Gated Cells (%) (Mean ± SD) | p Value | CD8+CD4− Cells/Gated Cells (%) (Mean ± SD) | p Value | FoxP3+ Cells/Gated Cells (%) (Mean ± SD) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 46.3 ± 11.3 | - | 29.9 ± 11.6 | - | 2.4 ± 1.1 | - |
| Female | 47.7 ± 11.8 | 0.51 | 25.8 ± 9.8 | 0.04 | 2.4 ± 1.4 | 0.36 |
| Age, years | ||||||
| <55 | 50.1 ± 9.8 | - | 24.9 ± 9.7 | - | 2.8 ± 1.3 | - |
| 55–64 | 49.2 ± 11.2 | - | 28.5 ± 12.2 | - | 2.3 ± 1.2 | - |
| 65–74 | 50.1 ± 10.1 | - | 26.7 ± 9.9 | - | 2.4 ± 1.2 | - |
| 75–84 | 41.6 ± 11.8 | - | 31.8 ± 11.0 | - | 2.4 ± 1.3 | - |
| >84 | 42.5 ± 12.9 | 0.03 | 24.9 ± 11.7 | 0.22 | 2.2 ± 1.1 | 0.81 |
| Disease modality | ||||||
| AIS | 49.2 ± 10.4 | - | 26.0 ± 9.6 | - | 2.7 ± 1.2 | - |
| TIA | 45.3 ± 12.1 | 0.09 | 29.4 ± 11.7 | 0.24 | 2.2 ± 1.2 | 0.02 |
| Modified TOAST criteria | ||||||
| Cardioembolism | 46.0 ± 12.1 | - | 29.3 ± 11.0 | - | 2.4 ± 1.3 | - |
| Large-artery atherosclerosis | 55.0 ± 12.2 | - | 21.2 ± 6.7 | - | 3.3 ± 1.3 | - |
| Small-vessel occlusion | 51.1 ± 7.2 | - | 24.8 ± 8.7 | - | 2.7 ± 1.2 | - |
| Other determined or undetermined etiology | 46.4 ± 11.2 | 0.27 | 27.0 ± 12.0 | 0.35 | 2.1 ± 1.0 | 0.23 |
| Duration between symptom onset and blood withdrawal, h | ||||||
| <5 | 49.4 ± 8.5 | - | 26.4 ± 8.7 | - | 2.4 ± 1.0 | - |
| 5–12 | 47.2 ± 11.4 | - | 27.7 ± 10.1 | - | 2.5 ± 1.3 | - |
| 12–24 | 49.8 ± 13.8 | 0.86 | 18.9 ± 2.1 | 0.47 | 2.7 ± 0.2 | 0.59 |
| National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale | ||||||
| 0–4 | 48.5 ± 10.6 | - | 26.6 ± 9.5 | - | 2.5 ± 1.1 | - |
| 5–9 | 48.7 ± 10.6 | - | 28.6 ± 10.4 | - | 2.7 ± 1.4 | - |
| 10–15 | 47.5 ± 11.2 | - | 29.1 ± 7.1 | - | 2.3 ± 1.3 | - |
| >15 | 32.2 ± 11.7 | 0.004 | 35.2 ± 20.1 | 0.66 | 1.4 ± 0.9 | 0.03 |
| Barthel Index | ||||||
| 0–30 | 43.7 ± 12.0 | - | 23.8 ± 5.2 | - | 2.0 ± 1.3 | - |
| 35–70 | 45.6 ± 10.0 | - | 28.0 ± 11.3 | - | 2.4 ± 1.2 | - |
| >70 | 50.3 ± 9.3 | 0.16 | 25.7 ± 8.4 | 0.58 | 2.7 ± 1.3 | 0.37 |
| Thrombolysis | ||||||
| Yes | 45.4 ± 10.5 | - | 27.7 ± 13.3 | - | 2.3 ± 1.4 | - |
| No | 47.6 ± 11.9 | 0.32 | 28.1 ± 10.0 | 0.39 | 2.4 ± 1.1 | 0.31 |
| Platelet inhibitor before blood withdrawal | ||||||
| Yes | 45.6 ± 11.5 | - | 28.4 ± 10.8 | - | 2.4 ± 1.2 | - |
| No | 49.3 ± 11.2 | 0.11 | 27.3 ± 11.5 | 0.49 | 2.4 ± 1.2 | 0.97 |
AIS, acute ischemic stroke; TIA, transient ischemic stroke; TOAST, Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment.