Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with myocardial viability
| Characteristic | Patients with LVESVI ≤ 84 ml/m2 (n=267) |
Patients with LVESVI > 84 ml/m2 (n=220) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD | 61±10 | 60±9 | 0.077 |
| Prior myocardial infarction, no. (%) | 208 (78%) | 165 (75%) | 0.452 |
| Diabetes, no. (%) | 115 (43%) | 83 (38%) | 0.232 |
| Prior stroke, no. (%) | 25 (9%) | 17 (8%) | 0.522 |
| Hypertension, no. (%) | 175 (66%) | 137 (62%) | 0.454 |
| Hyperlipidemia, no. (%) | 177 (67%) | 149 (68%) | 0.782 |
| Current smoker, no. (%) | 53 (20%) | 55 (25%) | 0.173 |
| Chronic renal insufficiency, no. (%) | 19 (7%) | 14 (6%) | 0.734 |
| Atrial flutter/fibrillation, no. (%) | 42 (16%) | 32 (15%) | 0.717 |
| Peripheral vascular disease, no. (%) | 45 (17%) | 30 (14%) | 0.328 |
| RAR score, mean ± SD * | 12±9 | 13±8 | 0.140 |
| Previous CABG, no. (%) | 5 (2%) | 7 (3%) | 0.354 |
| Bypass graft status, no. (%) | |||
| ≥1 stenosed or occluded | 4 (80%) | 7 (100%) | |
| ≥1 occluded | 4 (80%) | 6 (86%) | |
| Previous PCI, no. (%) | 43 (16%) | 34 (16%) | 0.845 |
| CAD distribution, no. (%) | |||
| No. of diseased vessels ≥75% | 0.162 | ||
| None | 6 (2%) | 3 (1%) | |
| One-vessel | 77 (29%) | 47 (22%) | |
| Two-vessel | 91 (34%) | 88 (40%) | |
| Three-vessel | 93 (35%) | 81 (37%) | |
| Proximal LAD stenosis ≥75% | 170 (64%) | 139 (64%) | 0.964 |
| Left main stenosis (≥50%) | 8 (3%) | 4 (2%) | 0.408 |
| Highest NYHA functional class within 3 months, no. (%) | 0.002 | ||
| I | 14 (5%) | 10 (5%) | |
| II | 114 (43%) | 68 (31%) | |
| III | 110 (41%) | 101 (46%) | |
| IV | 29 (11%) | 41 (19%) | |
| Medications at baseline, no. (%) | |||
| Beta blocker | 235 (88%) | 202 (92%) | 0.169 |
| ACE inhibitor | 223 (84%) | 189 (86%) | 0.467 |
| Angiotensin receptor blocker | 21 (8%) | 19 (9%) | 0.758 |
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 242 (91%) | 204 (93%) | 0.408 |
| Statin | 227 (85%) | 178 (81%) | 0.228 |
| Aspirin | 227 (85%) | 187 (85%) | 0.995 |
| Blood pressure, mean ± SD | |||
| Systolic (mmHg) | 123±19 | 119±16 | 0.029 |
| Diastolic (mmHg) | 75±11 | 75±11 | 0.564 |
| Heart rate, mean ± SD | 72±11 | 75±13 | 0.074 |
| LV ejection fraction, mean ± SD | 33±8 | 23±6 | <0.001 |
| LVEDVI (ml/m2), mean ± SD | 94±21 | 145±31 | <0.001 |
| LVESVI (ml/m2), mean ± SD | 63±15 | 111±24 | --- |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL), mean ± SD | 14±2 | 14±2 | 0.195 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL), mean ± SD | 1.2±1.0 | 1.1±0.3 | 0.573 |
| BUN (mg/dL), mean ± SD | 30±21 | 29±19 | 0.540 |
ACE = angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; BUN = blood urea nitrogen; CABG = coronary artery bypass graft surgery; CAD = coronary artery disease; EDVI = end-diastolic volume index; ESVI = end-systolic volume index; LV= left ventricular; NYHA = New York Heart Association; RAR = risk at randomization
The RAR score ranges from 1 to 32, with higher numbers indicating a higher predicted rate of death. Among patients receiving medical therapy, a score of 1 predicts a rate of 18% and a score of 32 predicts a rate of 99% over 5 years.