. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jan 1.

Published in final edited form as: Front Neuroendocrinol. 2015 May 4;40:1–23. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2015.04.003

Table 7.

Summary of studies in which OT system parameters are higher in females than in males

OT measure	Species	Region	Reference
OT-ir neurons	Brandt’s voles	PVN	Xu et al., 2010
	Mandarin voles	PVN, LH (dominant and subordinate voles) SON (dominant voles)	Qiao et al., 2014
	Chinese striped hamsters	Intermediate MPOA	Wang et al., 2013
	Mongolian gerbils	Intermediate MPOA	Wang et al., 2013
	CD mice	PVN, SON, anterior hypothalamic periventricular nucleus	Häussler et al., 1990
OT-ir fibers	CD mice	LS, BNST	Häussler et al., 1990
OT-ir fibers	Mandarin voles	LH	Qiao et al., 2014
OTR binding	P. maniculatus & p. californicus mice	hippocampal CA1	Insel et al., 2001
	ICR mice	VMH	Tribollet et al., 2002
	Prairie voles	medial PFC	Smeltzer et al., 2006
	Montane voles	medial PFC	Smeltzer et al., 2006
CSF OT	Humans	n/a	Altemus et al., 1999
Plasma OT	Sprague Dawley rats	n/a	Kramer et al., 2004
	Prairie voles	n/a	Kramer et al., 2004
	Mandarin voles	n/a	Cao et al., 2013
	Humans (adolescents)	n/a	Miller et al., 2013

BNST, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; LH, lateral hypothalamus; LS, lateral septum; MPOA, medial preoptic area; PFC, prefrontal cortex; PVN, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; SON, supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus; VMH, ventral medial hypothalamus; n/a, not applicable.