Table 4. Results from Model 2b (males).
| β | se | z | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept | 0.01 | 0.92 | ||
| Social goal (Appeasement) | ||||
| Reproduction | −0.16 | 0.50 | −0.32 | 0.7489 |
| Tension reduction | −1.07 | 0.48 | −2.26 | 0.0239 |
| Gestures (Absent) | ||||
| present | 0.31 | 0.22 | 1.42 | 0.1558 |
| Vocalisations (Absent) | ||||
| present | −1.07 | 0.78 | −1.37 | 0.1709 |
| Sequence (No) | ||||
| yes | −0.66 | 0.25 | −2.70 | 0.0070 |
| Multi-modal (No) | ||||
| yes | 1.19 | 0.74 | 1.59 | 0.1111 |
| Distance | −0.30 | 0.11 | −2.79 | 0.0052 |
| Relative Rank (Equal) | ||||
| Signaler is higher | −0.02 | 0.48 | −0.04 | 0.9663 |
| Recipient is higher | 0.34 | 0.59 | 0.58 | 0.5599 |
| Signaler age (Adult) | ||||
| Non-adult | −0.19 | 0.57 | −0.33 | 0.7408 |
| Recipient age (Adult) | ||||
| Non-adult | 1.09 | 0.68 | 1.61 | 0.1076 |
| Recipient sex (Female) | ||||
| Male | 0.45 | 0.59 | 0.76 | 0.4452 |
The data set comprised 719 initiations by 19 males. Test statistics and P values are omitted for the intercept. Reference levels of factors are given in parentheses.