Table 3.
Performance of AKI markers
| Marker | Renal Recovery | Major Adverse Kidney Events | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUC-ROC | Cutoff Value | Sensitivity | Specificity | AUC-ROC | Cutoff Value | Sensitivity | Specificity | |
| At inclusion | ||||||||
| FENa (%) | 0.65 (0.50 to 0.78) | 0.08 | 0.62 (0.42 to 0.79) | 0.82 (0.63–0.94) | 0.64 (0.50 to 0.76) | 0.09 | 0.81 (0.54 to 0.96) | 0.51 (0.35 to 0.67) |
| FEUrea (%) | 0.61 (0.47 to 0.74) | 8 | 0.96 (0.82 to 0.99) | 0.32 (0.16 to 0.52) | 0.66 (0.51 to 0.79) | 9 | 0.44 (0.20 to 0.70) | 0.85 (0.71 to 0.94) |
| Proteinuria (g/dl) | 0.62 (0.47 to 0.74) | 0.08 | 0.55 (0.36 to 0.74) | 0.69 (0.48 to 0.86) | 0.71 (0.57 to 0.82) | 0.08 | 0.81 (0.54 to 0.96) | 0.54 (0.37 to 0.70) |
| RI | 0.69 (0.56 to 0.81) | 0.70 | 0.64 (0.44 to 0.81) | 0.71 (0.49 to 0.87) | 0.79 (0.65 to 0.89) | 0.71 | 0.87 (0.59 to 0.98) | 0.68 (0.50 to 0.82) |
| Plasma NGAL (ng/ml) | 0.70 (0.57 to 0.82) | 1290 | 0.90 (0.73 to 0.98) | 0.50 (0.31 to 0.69) | 0.68 (0.55 to 0.80) | 1032 | 0.69 (0.41 to 0.89) | 0.76 (0.60 to 0.88) |
| (TIMP-2)*(IGFBP7) ([ng/ml]2/1000) | 0.71 (0.57 to 0.82) | 5.4 | 0.93 (0.77 to 0.99) | 0.43 (0.24 to 0.63) | 0.79 (0.66 to 0.88) | 2.6 | 0.81 (0.54 to 0.96) | 0.71 (0.54 to 0.84) |
| 24 h after inclusion | ||||||||
| FENa (%) | 0.54 (0.39 to 0.69) | 0.76 | 0.81 (0.61 to 0.94) | 0.41 (0.21 to 0.64) | 0.63 (0.48 to 0.76) | 0.74 | 0.58 (0.28 to 0.85) | 0.78 (0.61 to 0.90) |
| FEUrea (%) | 0.57 (0.42 to 0.71) | 21 | 0.92 (0.75 to 0.99) | 0.27 (0.11 to 0.50) | 0.64 (0.47 to 0.78) | 30 | 0.83 (0.52 to 0.98) | 0.53 (0.36 to 0.70) |
| Proteinuria (g/dl) | 0.57 (0.41 to 0.73) | 0.11 | 0.92 (0.75 to 0.99) | 0.39 (0.20 to 0.61) | 0.54 (0.39 to 0.68) | 0.16 | 0.29 (0.08 to 0.58) | 0.97 (0.85 to 0.99) |
| Creatinine ratioa | 0.70 (0.56 to 0.84) | 0.97 | 0.6 (0.39 to 0.79) | 0.76 (0.56 to 0.90) | 0.61 (0.42 to 0.80) | 1.02 | 0.73 (0.57 to 0.86) | 0.62 (0.32 to 0.86) |
| RI | 0.70 (0.55 to 0.82) | 0.77 | 1 (0.87 to 1) | 0.39 (0.2 to 0.61) | 0.75 (0.61 to 0.86) | 0.69 | 0.81 (0.54 to 0.96) | 0.64 (0.45 to 0.80) |
| Plasma NGAL (ng/ml) | 0.78 (0.64 to 0.88) | 1190 | 1 (0.86 to 1) | 0.54 (0.33 to 0.74) | 0.76 (0.61 to 0.87) | 902 | 0.71 (0.42 to 0.92) | 0.80 (0.63 to 0.92) |
| (TIMP-2)*(IGFBP7) ([ng/ml]2/1000) | 0.76 (0.62 to 0.87) | 1.4 | 1 (0.86 to 1) | 0.54 (0.33 to 0.74) | 0.81 (0.67 to 0.91) | 2.3 | 0.57 (0.29 to 0.82) | 0.97 (0.85 to 1) |
| Kinetic eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 0.87 (0.73 to 0.94) | 41 | 0.86 (0.68 to 0.96) | 0.80 (0.59 to 0.93) | 0.81 (0.67 to 0.96) | 39 | 0.77 (0.46 to 0.95) | 0.73 (0.57 to 0.86) |
Data are presented with 95% confidence intervals in parentheses. Major adverse kidney events were defined as death, use of RRT, or persistence of renal dysfunction (defined by serum creatinine ≥200% of the reference) at hospital discharge truncated at 30 days. FENa, fractional excretion of sodium; FEU, fractional excretion of urea; RI, renal resistive index; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin; [TIMP-2]*[IGFBP7], tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 and urine insulin-like growth factor–binding protein 7; AUC-ROC, area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve.
a
Ratio of value at inclusion and 24 hours later.